英语 编辑

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词源 1 编辑

动词派生自中古英語 hurtelenhurtlen (掷,投;冲向;垮塌;伤害;击倒;推动;冲刺;跌倒) [以及其他形式][1]源自hurten (伤害(肉体或比喻义);损害;羞辱,伤害...的情感;受伤;撞上;推动;跌倒)[2](还见英語 hurt (动词)) + -el--elen (反复态后缀)[3]英语词可作hurt ((弃用)敲打,击打) +‎ -le (反复态后缀)分析。[4]

名词派生自动词。[5]

动词 编辑

hurtle (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 hurtles,現在分詞 hurtling,一般過去時及過去分詞 hurtled) (主要用於書面, 詩歌)

  1. (及物, 古舊)
    1. 推动,猛,猛丢 重物
      近義詞: flinghurl;亦參見Thesaurus:throw
      He hurtled the wad of paper angrily at the trash can and missed by a mile.
      他生气地朝垃圾桶丢了一捆纸,但是丢偏了很远。
      • [1590埃德蒙·斯宾塞仙后(The Faerie Qveene. [], OCLC 960102938, book II, canto VII, stanza 42, 頁號283:
        Soone as thoſe glitterand armes he did eſpye, / That vvith their brightneſſe made that darknes light, / His harmefull club he gan to hurtle hye, / And threaten batteill to the Faery knight; []
        (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)]
      • Template:RQ:Browning Poems
      • 1882,Charles Miller,“The Delaying Spring”,出自 The Three Scholars and Other Poems,Edinburgh:Andrew Elliot, [], OCLC 28366928, 頁號58:
        Away, thou east wind, snarling like a scold! / [] / Now, like sheep-shearer, from some mountain fold, / Thou hurtlest air with twisting, fleecy flakes / Of martial snow, that like a tyrant bold, / His pleasure in his neighbour's vineyard takes, / Nor careth for the wreck that everywhere he makes.
        (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
    2. 使...撞击
    3. (比喻) (语言上的)抨击
  2. (不及物)
    1. 尤指吵闹地 冲刺横冲直撞
      近義詞: 參見Thesaurus:move quickly
      The car hurtled down the hill at 90 miles per hour.
      那辆汽车以145公里的时速呼啸驶下山丘。
      Pieces of broken glass hurtled through the air.
      碎玻璃片划过空中。
    2. (古舊)
      1. (猛烈地)撞击击打
      2. 发出撞击声,发出哐当声;哐哐当当地移动
      3. (比喻, 指两个人等) 推搡冲突
变位 编辑
衍生词汇 编辑

名词 编辑

hurtle (可數 不可數,複數 hurtles) (主要用於書面, 詩歌)

  1. (可數) 撞击冲击
  2. (可數, 比喻) 横冲直撞
  3. (可數) 撞击声,哐哐当当
    • 1913,w:Eden Phillpotts, chapter IV,出自 Widecombe Fair,London:John Murray, [], OCLC 2691732, 頁號26:
      There came a hurtle of wings, a flash of bright feathers, and a great pigeon with slate-grey plumage and a neck bright as an opal, lit on a swaying finial.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯)
  4. (不可數, 比喻) 冲突

词源 2 编辑

 
The bilberry, hurtleberry, or whortleberry (Vaccinium myrtillus), formerly also called the hurtle.

可能是hurtleberry 的截斷形式,源自中古英語 hurtil-beri (欧洲越橘(Vaccinium myrtillus)(果实或植物));[6]之后词源不详,对比中古英語 hortenhurten (欧洲越橘(Vaccinium myrtillus)古英語 horte (欧洲越橘(Vaccinium myrtillus)[7]

名词 编辑

hurtle (複數 hurtles)

  1. (棄用, 罕用) hurtleberrywhortleberry (越橘)之同義詞
    近義詞: (除英国外弃用,方言) hurt

参考资料 编辑

  1. hurtelen, v.” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
  2. hurten, v.” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
  3. -el-, suf.(3)” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
  4. hurtle, v.”, OED Online  , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, December 2022; “hurtle, v.”, Lexico, Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press, 2019–present.
  5. hurtle, n.3”, OED Online  , Oxford, Oxfordshire: Oxford University Press, September 2022
  6. hurtil-berī, n.” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
  7. horten, n.” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007:参阅补充材料(原注释写的是“some kind of fruit tree; ?the cornel cherry”)。

延伸阅读 编辑

异序词 编辑

中古英语 编辑

动词 编辑

hurtle

  1. hurtelen的另一種寫法