ἐσθίω

古希腊语

词源

一些学者认为其源自ἔδω (édō)本来的命令式*ἔσθι (*ésthi)，其源自原始印歐語 *h₁ed-。

发音

 

• IPA^(幫助)：/es.tʰí.ɔː/ → /esˈθi.o/ → /esˈθi.o/

• (公元前5世紀，阿提卡) IPA^(幫助)：/es.tʰí.ɔː/
• (公元前1世紀，埃及) IPA^(幫助)：/ɛsˈtʰi.o/
• (公元4世紀，通用希臘語) IPA^(幫助)：/esˈθi.o/
• (公元10世紀，拜占庭) IPA^(幫助)：/esˈθi.o/
• (公元15世紀，君士坦丁堡) IPA^(幫助)：/esˈθi.o/

动词

1. 吃；吞食
   • 525 BCE – 455 BCE, Aeschylus, Fragments 253
   • 421 BCE, Aristophanes, Peace 1357
   • 424 BCE, Aristophanes, The Knights 362
   • 480 BCE – 406 BCE, Euripides, Cyclops 233
   • 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Works and Days 147
   • 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Theogony 524
   • 750 BCE – 650 BCE, Hesiod, Theogony 773
   • 460 BCE – 370 BCE, Hippocrates, Epidemics 4.20
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 4.237
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 17.542
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 23.182
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 2.123
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 2.305
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 4.318
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 9.292
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 20.348
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 21.69
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 22.56
   • 125 CE – 200 CE, Lucian, The Dream or The Cock 4
   • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Fragments 671
   • 371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Characters 19.3
   • 371 BCE – 287 BCE, Theophrastus, Enquiry into Plants 1.12.4
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Anabasis 4.8.20
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 3.3.6
   • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 1.6.17
   • 7th-6th centuries BC, Homeric Hymn to Hermes 560
2. 惹恼，烦扰
   • 422 BCE, Aristophanes, The Wasps 287
   • 422 BCE, Aristophanes, The Wasps 1083
3. （用嘴）含，叼
   • 170 CE – 250 CE, Philostratus, Imagines 1.20

参考资料

• Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, 3版, 芝加哥: 芝加哥大學出版社
• ἐσθίω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 出版于1963
• G2068, Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible