Template:My-IPA/doc
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Burmese pronunciation and romanisation template, relying on Module:my-pron. This generates the IPA pronunciation and romanisation of Burmese in four systems. See Wiktionary:Burmese transliteration for an introduction to Burmese spelling and romanisations.
Parameters
编辑{{my-IPA|respelling 1|respelling 2|...}}
- Optional: For phonologically irregular words, parameters 1 – ∞ can be used to specify “phonetic respellings” from which IPA and romanisations can be accurately inferred. These respellings can be minor (using tricks to supplement the orthography, see below) or major (using complete phonetic respellings, also see below).
- Minor respellings are preferred over major respellings, when they are feasible.
- Of the four romanisation schemes, two are based on orthography (MLCTS and ALA-LC), and two are based on pronunciation (BGN-PCGN and Okell). Thus, the phonetic respellings will only affect the romanisations generated for the pronunciation-based romanisation schemes, not the orthography-based ones. i.e. if there are two specified respellings for word A, there will be one romanisation in each of the orthography-based schemes, and two romanisations in each of the pronunciation-based schemes.
- An additional
|word=
parameter is used to indicate the spelling, from which the orthography-based romanisations (MLCTS and ALA-LC) can be inferred. It should be cautiously used in the main namespace; it may be useful in cases where spaces in the romanisation are desired, or where the spelling does not conform to usual Burmese orthography rules.
Minor respelling tricks
编辑'
: the previous syllable is a minor syllable.+
: there is voicing of the following syllable.-
: the following ဘ (bha.) is pronounced /pʰ/.*
: the following consonant is pronounced as it is spelled, i.e. /ɹ/ for ရ, /lj/ for လျ and /l̥j/ for လျှ, instead of /j/, /j/ and /ʃ/, respectively.
If a word requires major respelling
编辑The respelling can be in either the Burmese or the Latin (ASCII) script. The tables below demonstrate the possible initials and finals of a Burmese syllable, and the correspondences between the two respelling systems and the IPA pronunciation. This Burmese picker tool can be helpful for generating a Burmese-script respelling.
Initials
编辑Bilabial | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar Palatal |
Velar | Glottal | Placeless | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | /m̥/ မှ hm /m/ မ m |
/n̥/ နှ hn /n/ န n |
/ɲ̊/ ညှ hny /ɲ/ ည ny |
/ŋ̊/ ငှ hng /ŋ/ င ng |
|||
Stop/Affricate | /p/ ပ p /pʰ/ ဖ hp /b/ ဗ b |
/t/ တ t /tʰ/ ထ ht /d/ ဒ d |
/t͡ɕ/ ကျ c /t͡ɕʰ/ ချ hc /d͡ʑ/ ဂျ j |
/k/ က k /kʰ/ ခ hk /ɡ/ ဂ g |
/ʔ/ အ | ||
Fricative | /θ/ သ th /ð/ +သ +th |
/s/ စ s /sʰ/ ဆ hs /z/ ဇ z |
/ʃ/ ရှ hy | /h/ ဟ h | |||
Approximant/Lateral | (/ɹ/ *ရ r) | /j/ ယ y | (/w̥/ ဝှ hw) /w/ ဝ w |
||||
/l̥/ လှ hl /l/ လ l |
Bilabial | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar Palatal |
Velar | Glottal | Placeless | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Nasal | /m̥w/ မွှ hmw /mw/ မွ mw /m̥j/ မျှ hmy /mj/ မျ my |
/n̥w/ နွှ hnw /nw/ နွ nw |
/ɲ̊w/ ညွှ hnyw /ɲw/ ညွ nyw |
/ŋ̊w/ ငွှ hngw /ŋw/ ငွ ngw |
|||
Stop/Affricate | /pw/ ပွ pw /pʰw/ ဖွ hpw /bw/ ဗွ bw /pj/ ပျ py /pʰj/ ဖျ hpy /bj/ ဗျ by |
/tw/ တွ tw /tʰw/ ထွ htw /dw/ ဒွ dw |
/t͡ɕw/ ကျွ cw /t͡ɕʰw/ ချွ hcw /d͡ʑw/ ဂျွ jw |
/kw/ ကွ kw /kʰw/ ခွ hkw /ɡw/ ဂွ gw |
|||
Fricative | /θw/ သွ thw | /sw/ စွ sw /sʰw/ ဆွ hsw /zw/ ဇွ zw |
/ʃw/ ရွှ hyw | /hw/ ဟွ hw | |||
Approximant/Lateral | /jw/ ယွ yw | ||||||
/l̥w/ လွှ hlw /lw/ လွ lw /l̥j/ *လျှ hly /lj/ *လျ ly |
Finals with tones
编辑Using အ as base letter.
Vowel | Non-nasalised | Nasalised | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Low tone | High tone | Creaky tone | Checked tone | Low tone | High tone | Creaky tone | |
/i/ | /ì/ အီ i | /í/ အီး i\ | /ḭ/ အိ i/ | /ɪʔ/ အစ် i? | /ɪ̀ɴ/ အင် i~ | /ɪ́ɴ/ အင်း i\~ | /ɪ̰ɴ/ အင့် i/~ |
/e/ | /è/ အေ ei | /é/ အေး ei\ | /ḛ/ အေ့ ei/ | /eɪʔ/ အိတ် ei? | /èɪɴ/ အိန် ei~ | /éɪɴ/ အိန်း ei\~ | /ḛɪɴ/ အိန့် ei/~ |
/ɛ/ | /ɛ̀/ အယ် e | /ɛ́/ အဲ e\ | /ɛ̰/ အယ့် e/ | /ɛʔ/ အက် e? | /àɪɴ/ အိုင် ai~ | /áɪɴ/ အိုင်း ai\~ | /a̰ɪɴ/ အိုင့် ai/~ |
/aɪʔ/ အိုက် ai? | |||||||
/a/ | /à/ အာ a | /á/ အား a\ | /a̰/ အ a/ | /aʔ/ အတ် a? | /àɴ/ အန် a~ | /áɴ/ အန်း a\~ | /a̰ɴ/ အန့် a/~ |
/ɔ/ | /ɔ̀/ အော် o | /ɔ́/ အော o\ | /ɔ̰/ အော့ o/ | /aʊʔ/ အောက် au? | /àʊɴ/ အောင် au~ | /áʊɴ/ အောင်း au\~ | /a̰ʊɴ/ အောင့် au/~ |
/o/ | /ò/ အို ou | /ó/ အိုး ou\ | /o̰/ အို့ ou/ | /oʊʔ/ အုပ် ou? | /òʊɴ/ အုန် ou~ | /óʊɴ/ အုန်း ou\~ | /o̰ʊɴ/ အုန့် ou/~ |
/u/ | /ù/ အူ u | /ú/ အူး u\ | /ṵ/ အု u/ | /ʊʔ/ အွတ် u? | /ʊ̀ɴ/ အွန် u~ | /ʊ́ɴ/ အွန်း u\~ | /ʊ̰ɴ/ အွန့် u/~ |
/ə/ | /ə/ အ' a' | — |
The combinations listed in Wiktionary:Burmese transliteration#ကွတ်, ဝတ်, etc. (i.e. ွ or ဝ followed by တ်, န်, ပ်, မ် or ံ) will be interpreted intelligently by the module. If the unchanged pronunciation is desired, a slash /
can be placed between the initial and final (e.g. ကွ/တ်
).
Examples
编辑{{my-IPA|ခ'လုတ်}}
- 按發音的寫法:ခ'လုတ်
- IPA(幫助):/kʰəloʊʔ/
- 罗马化:MLCTS: hka.lut • ALA-LC: khalutʻ • BGN/PCGN: hkălok • Okell: hkălouʔ
{{my-IPA|စာ'ရေး}}
{{my-IPA|ငါး'ဥ}}
{{my-IPA|သူ'ငယ်}}
- 按發音的寫法:သူ'ငယ်
- IPA(幫助):/θəŋɛ̀/
- 罗马化:MLCTS: su-ngai • ALA-LC: sūṅayʻ • BGN/PCGN: thăngè • Okell: thănge
အက်ယန် (ak-yan)
编辑{{my-IPA}}
အာကျန် (a-kyan)
编辑{{my-IPA}}
ကတ်ဝက် (kat-wak)
编辑{{my-IPA}}
ကာတွက် (ka-twak)
编辑{{my-IPA}}
တန်ဂါ (tan-ga)
编辑{{my-IPA}}
တာငါ (ta-nga)
编辑{{my-IPA}}
{{my-IPA|ဆီ+ပုံး}}
- 按發音的寫法:ဆီဗုံး
- IPA(幫助):/sʰìbóʊɴ/
- 罗马化:MLCTS: hcipum: • ALA-LC: chīpuṃʺ • BGN/PCGN: hsibon: • Okell: hsipoùñ
{{my-IPA|အုန်း+ဆီ}}
- 按發音的寫法:အုန်းဇီ
- IPA(幫助):/ʔóʊɴzì/
- 罗马化:MLCTS: un:hci • ALA-LC: ʼunʻʺchī • BGN/PCGN: on:zi • Okell: oùñhsi
{{my-IPA|အ'ညာ+သား}}
- 按發音的寫法:အ'ညာ+သား
- IPA(幫助):/ʔəɲàðá/
- 罗马化:MLCTS: a.nyasa: • ALA-LC: ʼaññāsāʺ • BGN/PCGN: ănyadha: • Okell: ănyathà
{{my-IPA}}
ဖြည်းဖြည်း (hprany:hprany:)
编辑{{my-IPA|ဖြည်2း+ဖြည်2း}}
- 按發音的寫法:ဖြည်2းဗြည်2း
- IPA(幫助):/pʰjébjé/
- 罗马化:MLCTS: hprany:hprany: • ALA-LC: phraññʻʺphraññʻʺ • BGN/PCGN: hpye:bye: • Okell: hpyeìhpyeì
{{my-IPA|အ'မီး}}
{{my-IPA|ခြေ+ထောက်}}
- 按發音的寫法:ခြေဒေါက်
- IPA(幫助):/t͡ɕʰèdaʊʔ/
- 罗马化:MLCTS: hkrehtauk • ALA-LC: khrethokʻ • BGN/PCGN: chedauk • Okell: hceihtauʔ
{{my-IPA|အ'ခွံ}}
- 按發音的寫法:အ'ခွံ
- IPA(幫助):/ʔəkʰʊ̀ɴ/
- 罗马化:MLCTS: a.hkwam • ALA-LC: ʼakhvaṃ • BGN/PCGN: ăhkun • Okell: ăhkuñ
လျှို့ဝှက် (hlyui.hwak)
编辑{{my-IPA}}
{{my-IPA}}
{{my-IPA|+က'+စား}}
{{my-IPA|+က'+ပျာ+က'ယာ}}
- 按發音的寫法:ဂ'ဗျာဂ'ယာ
- IPA(幫助):/ɡəbjàɡəjà/
- 罗马化:MLCTS: ka.pyaka.ya • ALA-LC: kapyākayā • BGN/PCGN: găbyagăya • Okell: kăpyakăya
{{my-IPA|ဆန်+ပြုတ်}}
- 按發音的寫法:ဆန်ဗြုတ်
- IPA(幫助):/sʰàɴbjoʊʔ/
- 罗马化:MLCTS: hcanprut • ALA-LC: chanʻprutʻ • BGN/PCGN: hsanbyok • Okell: hsañpyouʔ
စာကြည့်တိုက် (ca-krany.tuik)
编辑{{my-IPA|စာကြည့်+တိုက်}}
- 按發音的寫法:စာကြည့်ဒိုက်
- IPA(幫助):/sàt͡ɕḭdaɪʔ/
- 罗马化:MLCTS: ca-krany.tuik • ALA-LC: cākraññʻʹtuikʻ • BGN/PCGN: sa-kyi.daik • Okell: sacítaiʔ
{{my-IPA}}
{{my-IPA|မင်္ဂ'လာ+ပါ}}
- 按發音的寫法:မင်ဂ'လာဗာ
- IPA(幫助):/mɪ̀ɴɡəlàbà/
- 罗马化:MLCTS: mangga.lapa • ALA-LC: maṅʻgalāpā • BGN/PCGN: min-gălaba • Okell: miñgălapa
{{my-IPA|-ဘ+ခင်}}
- 按發音的寫法:ဖဂင်
- IPA(幫助):/pʰa̰ɡɪ̀ɴ/
- 罗马化:MLCTS: bha.hkang • ALA-LC: bhakhaṅʻ • BGN/PCGN: hpa.gin • Okell: hpáhkiñ
{{my-IPA|ပ'*ရိဘောဂ}}
- 按發音的寫法:ပ'*ရိဘောဂ
- IPA(幫助):/pəɹḭbɔ́ɡa̰/
- 罗马化:MLCTS: pa.ri.bhau:ga. • ALA-LC: paribhoga • BGN/PCGN: pări.baw:ga. • Okell: păríbògá
{{my-IPA|*လျှင်}}
{{my-IPA}}
- IPA(幫助):/kʊ̀ɴpjùtà/
- 罗马化:MLCTS: kwanpyuta • ALA-LC: kvanʻpyūtā • BGN/PCGN: kunpyuta • Okell: kuñpyuta
{{my-IPA}}
{{my-IPA|pa'ri/bo\ga/}}
- 按發音的寫法:ပ'*ရိဗောဂ
- IPA(幫助):/pəɹḭbɔ́ɡa̰/
- 罗马化:MLCTS: pa.ri.bhau:ga. • ALA-LC: paribhoga • BGN/PCGN: pări.baw:ga. • Okell: păríbògá
{{my-IPA|mi~ga'la+pa}}
- 按發音的寫法:မင်ဂ'လာဗာ
- IPA(幫助):/mɪ̀ɴɡəlàbà/
- 罗马化:MLCTS: mangga.lapa • ALA-LC: maṅʻgalāpā • BGN/PCGN: min-gălaba • Okell: miñgălapa
{{my-IPA|+ka'+pya+ka'ya}}
- 按發音的寫法:ဂ'ဗျာဂ'ယာ
- IPA(幫助):/ɡəbjàɡəjà/
- 罗马化:MLCTS: ka.pyaka.ya • ALA-LC: kapyākayā • BGN/PCGN: găbyagăya • Okell: kăpyakăya
{{my-IPA|ne?hpya~}}
- 按發音的寫法:နက်ဖျန်
- IPA(幫助):/nɛʔpʰjàɴ/
- 罗马化:MLCTS: nakhpran • ALA-LC: nakʻphranʻ • BGN/PCGN: nethpyan • Okell: neʔhpyañ
{{my-IPA|မြန်မာ|မြန်'မာ}}
- 按發音的寫法:မြန်မာ, မြန်'မာ
- IPA(幫助):/mjàɴmà/, /mjəmà/
- 罗马化:MLCTS: mranma • ALA-LC: mranʻmā • BGN/PCGN: myanma/myăma • Okell: myañma/myăma
ကြိုဆိုပါ၏ (kruihcuipae)
编辑{{my-IPA|ကြို+ဆို +ပါ ၏}}