garden path sentence

參見：garden-path sentence

英語

替代寫法

• garden path
• garden-path sentence

詞源

來自俗語lead someone up (or down) the garden path，因為讀者對該句子形成了一種解釋，這種解釋直到接近句子結尾時才是合理的，這時讀者意識到他們的解釋不可能是正確的（他們被帶入了一條花園小路），他們必須嘗試另一種解釋。

發音

• (標準英音) 國際音標^(幫助): /ˈɡɑː(ɹ)dən pɑːθ ˈsɛntəns/
• (通用美式) 國際音標^(幫助): /ˈɡɑːɹdən pæθ ˈsɛntəns/

• 音頻 (澳洲)：

  (檔案)

• 斷字：gar‧den path sen‧tence

名詞

例
The horse raced past the barn fell. After Marie ate the cake turned out to be stale. The government plans to raise taxes were defeated.

garden path sentence (複數 garden path sentences)

1. (語言學) 園徑句型
   • 1995, Reiko Mazuka, Kenji Itoh, “Can Japanese Speakers be Led down the Garden Path?”, 出自 Japanese Sentence Processing, Hillsdale, N.J.: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, →ISBN，第 295–296 頁s:

     Whether a particular construction causes a garden-path effect depends on the specific grammar of the language. For example, the famous example of an English garden-path sentence in (1) ["The horse raced past the barn fell"] would not exist if the past tense form of the verb race were not identical to the reduced relative form, the former of which is the preferred reading for this sentence.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 2005, Michael W[illiam] Eysenck, Mark T. Keane, “Language Comprehension”, 出自 Cognitive Psychology: A Student's Handbook, 5th版, Hove, East Sussex: Psychology Press, →ISBN，第 362, column 1 頁:

     One of the functions of punctuation is to reduce any ambiguity, and readers are less confused by garden-path sentences that are punctuated than by those that are not […].

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 2008, David W. Carroll, “Sentence Comprehension and Memory”, 出自 Psychology of Language, 5th版, Belmont, Calif.: Thomson Wadsworth, →ISBN，第 134 頁:

     [I]n a garden path sentence, we interpret a sentence in a particular way only to find out near the end that we misinterpreted it. The subjective impression is that of being led down a garden path until discovering at the end that we took the wrong way and have to retrace our steps.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 2013, Montserrat Sanz, Itziar Laka, Michael K. Tanenhaus, “Sentence Comprehension before and after 1970: Topics, Debates, and Techniques”, 出自 Language Down the Garden Path: The Cognitive and Biological Basis for Linguistic Structures (Oxford Studies in Biolinguistics), Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN，第 85 頁:

     A garden path sentence contains a temporary ambiguity […]. It becomes clear that something has gone wrong when the comprehender receives input that is incompatible with the past-tense analysis of the ambiguous form […]. The parser then must abandon its initial parse and attempt to reanalyze the input.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

來源

• garden path sentence在英語維基百科上的資料。維基百科 ^en