bellum

拉丁语

发音

• (古典拉丁语) 国际音标^(帮助): /ˈbel.lum/, [ˈbɛlːʲʊ̃ˑ]
• (教会拉丁语) 国际音标^(帮助): /ˈbel.lum/, [ˈbɛlːum]

• 音频 (古典)：

  (档案)

词源1

源自duellum，头音由 duellum → bellum（对比duis → bis）。

名词

bellum n (属格 bellī)；第二类变格

1. 战争
   • w:韦格蒂乌斯

     Sī vīs pācem parā bellum.

     想要和平，就要准备战争。

   Si omnes opinionibus pugnent non sint bella.

   If everyone should fight for their own convictions there would be no war.

变格

第二类变格名词 (中性)。

	单数	复数
主格	bellum	bella
属格	bellī	bellōrum
属格	bellō	bellīs
宾格	bellum	bella
离格	bellō	bellīs
呼格	bellum	bella

• 方位格单数: bellī

近义词

• duellum

派生词

• bellicrepus
• bellicus
• bellidux
• bellifer
• belliger
• belligerator
• belligeratio
• bellipotens
• bellisonus

相关词汇

• belligerō
• belligerāns
• bellō

派生语汇

• 英语: antebellum, postbellum

词源2

bellus (“漂亮的”)的变格形。

形容词

bellum

1. bellus 的主格中性单数
2. bellus 的宾格阳性单数
3. bellus 的宾格中性单数
4. bellus 的呼格中性单数

参考资料

• bellum in Charlton T. Lewis & Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1879
• “bellum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891年) An Elementary Latin Dictionary，New York：Harper & Brothers
• bellum在Charles du Fresne du Cange的Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• bellum在Gaffiot, Félix (1934年) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français (拉丁语-法语详解词典)，Hachette中的内容
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894年) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1]，London：Macmillan and Co.
  • （模糊）to threaten some one with death, crucifixion, torture, war: minitari (minari) alicui mortem, crucem et tormenta, bellum
    
  • （模糊）to threaten war, carnage: denuntiare bellum, caedem (Sest. 20. 46)
    
  • （模糊）a religious war: bellum pro religionibus susceptum
    
  • （模糊）men exempt from service owing to age: qui per aetatem arma ferre non possunt or aetate ad bellum inutiles
    
  • （模糊）to charge some one with the conduct of a war: praeficere aliquem bello gerendo
    
  • （模糊）the command-in-chief: summa belli, imperii (B. G. 2. 4. 7)
    
  • （模糊）to make preparations for war: bellum parare
    
  • （模糊）preparations for war; war-material: apparatus (rare in plur.) belli
    
  • （模糊）to make formal declaration of war: bellum indīcere, denuntiare
    
  • （模糊）a regular, formal war: bellum iustum (pium)
    
  • （模糊）a civil war: bellum intestinum, domesticum (opp. bellum externum)
    
  • （模糊）to cause a war: bellum facere, movere, excitare
    
  • （模糊）to kindle a war: bellum conflare (Fam. 5. 2. 8)
    
  • （模糊）to meditate war: bellum moliri
    
  • （模糊）to commence hostilities: bellum incipere, belli initium facere (B. G. 7. 1. 5)
    
  • （模糊）to interfere in a war: bello se interponere (Liv. 35. 48)
    
  • （模糊）to be involved in a war: bello implicari
    
  • （模糊）to begin a war with some one: bellum cum aliquo inire
    
  • （模糊）a war is imminent: bellum impendet, imminet, instat
    
  • （模糊）war breaks out: bellum oritur, exardescit
    
  • （模糊）everywhere the torch of war is flaming: omnia bello flagrant or ardent (Fam. 4. 1. 2)
    
  • （模糊）to make war on a person: bellum gerere cum aliquo
    
  • （模糊）to wage war in conjunction with some one: bellum coniungere (Imp. Pomp. 9. 26)
    
  • （模糊）to protract, prolong a war: bellum ducere, trahere, extrahere
    
  • （模糊）to carry on a war energetically: omni studio in (ad) bellum incumbere
    
  • （模糊）to invade: bellum inferre alicui (Att. 9. 1. 3)
    
  • （模糊）to be the aggressor in a war; to act on the offensive: bellum or arma ultro inferre
    
  • （模糊）to act on the defensive: bellum (inlatum) defendere
    
  • （模糊）to go to war, commence a campaign: proficisci ad bellum, in expeditionem (Sall. Iug. 103)
    
  • （模糊）to send to the war: mittere ad bellum
    
  • （模糊）to have the control of the war: bellum administrare
    
  • （模糊）to harass with war: bello persequi aliquem, lacessere
    
  • （模糊）to put an end to war: belli finem facere, bellum finire
    
  • （模糊）to terminate a war (by force of arms and defeat of one's opponents): bellum conficere, perficere
    
  • （模糊）to terminate a war (by a treaty, etc.: bellum componere (Fam. 10. 33)
    
  • （模糊）to transfer the seat of war elsewhere: bellum transferre alio, in...
    
  • （模糊）the seat of war, theatre of operations: belli sedes (Liv. 4. 31)
    
  • （模糊）to change one's tactics: rationem belli gerendi mutare (Liv. 32. 31)
    
  • （模糊）to triumph over some one: triumphare de aliquo (ex bellis)