egregious

英语

词源

源自拉丁語 ēgregius，源自e- (“自，从”) + grex (“群，群体”) + 英语形容词后缀-ous，源自晚期拉丁语后缀-osus (“充满...的”)，反映了带有正面色彩的“出类拔萃”。

发音

• 國際音標^(幫助): /ɪˈɡɹiː.d͡ʒəs/, /əˈɡɹiː.d͡ʒi.əs/

• （美国）音频：

  (檔案)

• 韻部：-iːdʒəs

形容词

egregious (比較級 more egregious，最高級 most egregious)

1. 严重的，剧烈的 （尤带有负面色彩）

   The student has made egregious errors on the examination.

   学生在考试时犯了很严重的错误。

   • 16thC, Christopher Marlowe, Ignoto,

     I cannot cross my arms, or sigh "Ah me," / "Ah me forlorn!" egregious foppery! / I cannot buss thy fill, play with thy hair, / Swearing by Jove, "Thou art most debonnaire!"

   • Template:RQ:Shakespeare All's Well
   • 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], 章號 XXXI, 出自 Francesca Carrara. […], 第 III 卷, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC，第 257 頁:

     Good Heaven! when we observe what egregious nonsense other people talk, what woful follies other people commit, sure we must be tempted to turn upon ourselves and ask—"What do I do that is equally silly?"

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 22 March 2012, Scott Tobias, AV Club The Hunger Games[1]

     When the goal is simply to be as faithful as possible to the material—as if a movie were a marriage, and a rights contract the vow—the best result is a skillful abridgment, one that hits all the important marks without losing anything egregious.

   • 2014年1月21日, Hermione Hoby, “Julia Roberts interview for August: Osage County – 'I might actually go to hell for this ...': Julia Roberts reveals why her violent, Oscar-nominated performance in August: Osage County made her feel 'like a terrible person' [print version: 'I might actually go to hell for this ...' (18 January 2014, p. R4)]”, 出自 The Daily Telegraph (Review)‎^[2]:

     She's sitting opposite a window that's gently breezing into her face, wafting her hair into cover-girl perfection ... It's a little moment that seems to encapsulate her appeal: ... her gorgeousness being so egregious that even breezes oblige with their tousle-fanning effects ...

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

2. 非常坏的，非常糟糕的，骇人听闻的
   • Template:RQ:Jonson Poetaster

用法说明

负面词义在16世纪末叶出现，可能是为了讽刺。在那之前指正面的“出类拔萃”，“杰出”。Webster亦给出了古旧词义“杰出的”，并注解说现代词义常带负面色彩（比如“an eregious error”），常前接于表述性名词，如ass、blunderer、rascal和rogue。意大利语和西班牙语同源词egregio以及葡萄牙語 egrégio仍保留且仅限于褒义。

衍生词汇

• egregiously
• egregiousness

相关词汇

• egregia cum laude

参考资料

• “egregious”，Lexico，Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press，2019–present年.