vulnus

英語

詞源

源自拉丁語。

名詞

vulnus (複數 vulnera)

1. (醫學，正式) 受傷
   • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, 第 (please specify |volume=I to VI) 卷s, London: A[ndrew] Millar […], →OCLC:

     I was once, I remember, called to a patient who had received a violent contusion in his tibia, by which the exterior cutis was lacerated, so that there was a profuse sanguinary discharge; and the interior membranes were so divellicated, that the os or bone very plainly appeared through the aperture of the vulnus or wound.

   • 1999, Acta classica (volumes 42-43, page 89)

     But for the veterans in the Pannonian legions, their vulnera were no longer their tokens of honour, but an indication of the severity of service in the army.

相關詞彙

• vulnerable

拉丁語

詞源

源自原始意大利語 *welanos，可能源自原始印歐語 *welh₃- (“擊打”)。與拉丁語 vellō同源。

發音

• (古典拉丁語) 國際音標^(幫助): /ˈu̯ul.nus/, [ˈu̯ʊɫ̪nʊs̠]
• (教會拉丁語) 國際音標^(幫助): /ˈvul.nus/, [ˈvulnus]

名詞

vulnus n (属格 vulneris); 第三类变格

1. 受傷

   近義詞：damnum、dētrīmentum、incommoditās、calamitās、pauperiēs、maleficium、iniūria、noxa、fraus、plāga

2. (比喻義) 打擊，挫折

   近義詞：colaphus、pulsus、ictus、plāga

變格

第三類變格名詞（中性，imparisyllabic non-i-stem）。

格	單數	複數
主格	vulnus	vulnera
屬格	vulneris	vulnerum
與格	vulnerī	vulneribus
賓格	vulnus	vulnera
奪格	vulnere	vulneribus
呼格	vulnus	vulnera

派生詞

• vulnerārius
• vulnerō
• vulnifer

• vulnificō
• vulnificus
• vulnusculum

相關詞彙

• vulnerābilis
• vulnerātiō
• vulnerātor

參見

• ulcus

參考資料

• vulnus in Charlton T. Lewis & Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1879
• vulnus在Charles du Fresne du Cange的Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• vulnus在Gaffiot, Félix (1934年) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français (拉丁語-法語詳解詞典)，Hachette中的內容
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894年) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1]，London：Macmillan and Co.
  • to wound a person (also used metaphorically): vulnus infligere alicui
    
  • to be (seriously, mortally) wounded: vulnus (grave, mortiferum) accipere, excipere
    
  • after many had been wounded on both sides: multis et illatis et acceptis vulneribus (B. G. 1. 50)
    
  • weakened by wounds: vulneribus confectus
    
  • to open an old wound: refricare vulnus, cicatricem obductam
    
  • to die of wounds: ex vulnere mori (Fam. 10. 33)
    
  • the victory cost much blood and many wounds, was very dearly bought: victoria multo sanguine ac vulneribus stetit (Liv. 23. 30)
    
  • （模糊）wounds (scars) on the breast: vulnera (cicatrices) adversa (opp. aversa)
    
  • （模糊）wounds (scars) on the breast: vulnera adverso corpore accepta