维基词典

clout

英语 编辑

发音 编辑

词源 1 编辑

源自中古英语 clout，源自古英语 clūt，源自原始日耳曼语 *klūtaz，源自原始印欧语 *gelewdos，源自原始印欧语 *gel- (“积”)。词义“（尤指政治上的）影响力”源自芝加哥方言，后传播普及。

同源词包括古诺尔斯语 klútr (“方头巾”)[1]、瑞典语 klut、丹麦语 klud、中古高地德语 klōz (“块”)，其派生出德语 Kloß，及俄语方言глуда (gluda)[2]。参见cleat。

名词 编辑

clout (可数 和 不可数，复数 clouts)

  1. （尤指政治上的）影响力
    • 1975, Len O'Connor, Clout--Mayor Daley and His City‎[1]，页号 74:
      Having relinquished his clout in City Council to run for a place on the county board, and having lost stature by reason of his failure to win the presidency, Duffy was in no position to seek the party chairmanship for himself
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
    • 2011 12月 15, Felicity Cloake, “How to cook the perfect nut roast”, 出自 Guardian‎[2]:
      The chopped mushrooms add depth to both the Waitrose and the Go-Go Vegan recipe, but what gives the latter some real clout on the flavour front is a teaspoon of Marmite.
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
    • 2017, Kimetrius Foose (Lil Skies), Myron Goedhart （作曲作词）, “Fake”, 演出者 Lil Skies:
      It's funny how they judge you when they see you made a change / I poured another four just to take away the pain / My friends weren't my friends, they was [sic] looking for some clout / I had what they wanted so they always came around
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
    • 2019 11月 29, Taylor Lorenz, “Here’s What’s Happening in the American Teenage Bedroom”, 出自 New York Times‎[3]:
      Rowan, like most teenagers on the internet, wasn’t after fame or money, though he made a decent amount — at one point $10,000 a month and more, he said. What Rowan wanted was clout. On the internet, clout is a social currency that can be used to obtain just about anything. Rack up enough while you’re young, and doors everywhere begin to open.
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
  2. (regional，非正式) 手打，用手击打
    • 1910, Katherine Mansfield, Frau Brenchenmacher Attends A Wedding:
      ‘Such a clout on the ear as you gave me… But I soon taught you.’
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
  3. (棒球，非正式) 全垒打，本垒打
    近义词： home run
    • 2011 8月 17, Michael Vega, “Triple double”, 出自 The Boston Globe，页号 C1:
      '... allowed Boston to score all of its runs on homers, including a pair of clouts by Jacoby Ellsbury ...'
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
  4. (射箭) 靶心 （可能是因为以前是用一块白布或钉头来表示）
  5. (regional，过时) 作襁褓的布
    • 1851, Herman Melville, Moby Dick, Chapter 12:
      When a new-hatched savage running wild about his native woodlands in a grass clout, followed by the nibbling goats, as if he were a green sapling; even then, in Queequeg’s ambitious soul, lurked a strong desire to see something more of Christendom than a specimen whaler or two.
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
  6. (古旧) 布，破布；一片皮革
    • Lua错误 在Module:User:Hzy980512/quote的第2634行：Parameter "url" is not used by this template.
    • Template:RQ:Shakespeare King John
    • Template:RQ:Shakespeare Hamlet
    • 1743, Robert Drury, The Pleasant, and Surprizing Adventures of Mr. Robert Drury, during his Fifteen Years Captivity on the Island of Madagascar‎[4], London，页号 74:
      We condol’d with each other, and observ’d how wretchedly we look’d, all naked, except a small Clout about our Middles […]
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
    • 1980, Colin Thubron, Seafarers: The Venetians，页号 33:
      The Byzantines, wrote Robert of Clari, hooted and jeered from the battlements, "and let down their clouts and showed them their backsides."
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
  7. (古旧) 垫片 （装在轴承等物上防止磨损的铁片）
    • 1866, James Edwin Thorold Rogers, A History of Agriculture and Prices in England, 卷 1，页号 546:
      Clouts were thin and flat pieces of iron, used it appears to strengthen the box of the wheel; perhaps also for nailing on such other parts of the cart as were particularly exposed to wear.
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
  8. 大帽钉
    近义词： clout nail
  9. (弃用) 一片，碎片
衍生词汇 编辑

动词 编辑

clout (第三人称单数简单现在时 clouts，现在分词 clouting，一般过去时及过去分词 clouted)

  1. 打，（尤指）拳打
    • 1997, J. K. Rowling, Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone, New York: Arthur A. Levine Books, 出版于 1998，页号 57:
      A wizard? Him? How could he possibly be? He'd spent his life being clouted by Dudley, and bullied by Aunt Petunia and Uncle Vernon; if he was really a wizard, why hadn't they been turned into warty toads every time they'd tried to lock him in his cupboard?
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
  2. 用布、皮革等盖；用该等物品修补
    • 1549, Hugh Latimer, “[The Second Sermon of Master Hugh Latimer, which He Preached before the King’s Majesty, within His Grace’s Palace at Westminster, the Fifteenth Day of March, 1549.] To the Reader.”, 出自 George Elwes Corrie 编, Sermons by Hugh Latimer, Sometime Bishop of Worcester, Martyr, 1555 (The Works of Hugh Latimer; I), Cambridge, Cambridgeshire: […] University Press, 出版于 1844, →OCLC，页号 110:
      Paul, yea, and Peter, too, had more skill in mending an old net, and in clouting an old tent than to teach lawyers what diligence they should use in the expedition of matters.
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
      The spelling has been modernized.
  3. 给...打钉
  4. 用垫片保护
  5. 简单，粗略地接合，修补
    • 1633, Phineas Fletcher, The Purple Island:
      if fond Bavius vent his clouted song
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

词源 2 编辑

动词 编辑

clout (第三人称单数简单现在时 clouts，现在分词 clouting，一般过去时及过去分词 clouted)

  1. clot的过时形式。
    • 1948, The Essex Review:
      He tells us how to butter eggs, boil eels, clout cream, stew capons, how to make a fine cake, an almond pudding and a raspberry conserve, […]
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

参考资料 编辑

  1. ↑ “clout”, Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, OCLC 800618302
  2. ↑ “clout” in Merriam–Webster Online Dictionary.

中古英语 编辑

词源 1 编辑

源自古英语 clūt，源自原始西日耳曼语 *klūt，源自原始日耳曼语 *klūtaz。对比cloud。

其他形式 编辑

发音 编辑

名词 编辑

clout (复数 cloutes)

  1. 一小块布，破布
    1. 补丁
    2. 绷带
    3. 碎布
  2. 更大的布
    1. 破烂的衣服
    2. 包裹婴儿用的布，襁褓
    3. 裹尸布
  3. 垫片，一小块金属板
  4. 碎片
  5. 一击，一打
相关词汇 编辑
派生语汇 编辑
  • 英语: clout
  • 低地苏格兰语: clout, cloot
参考资料 编辑

词源 2 编辑

动词 编辑

clout

  1. clouten的另一种写法
取自“https://zh.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=clout&oldid=7563921”