英语

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词源

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erst (第一的,以前的) +‎ while

发音

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副词

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erstwhile (不可比)

  1. 曾经过去

近义词

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形容词

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erstwhile (无比较级)

  1. (书面法律) 之前的,曾经
    近义词:formeroncepreviousquondamonetime;亦参见Thesaurus:former
    • 1905, Baroness Emmuska Orczy, 章号 2, 出自 The Disappearance of Count Collini[1]:
      “Scarcely had Alice reached her twentieth birthday, than she gave her erstwhile fiancée [sic] his formal congé. […]”
      (请为本引文添加中文翻译
    • 2017年10月14日, Paul Doyle, “Mauricio Pellegrino yet to find attacking solution for stuttering Southampton”, 出自 the Guardian[2]:
      Other erstwhile stalwarts are also wavering. Southampton had two of the best full-backs in the league last season but Ryan Bertrand has been below par this season and Cédric Soares made an uncharacteristic lapse that led to Stoke’s winning goal in Southampton’s last outing.
      (请为本引文添加中文翻译
  2. (官方不建议使用) 尊敬
    • 1999年11月1日, Frank Bruni, 引 George W. Bush, “For Bush, an Adjustable Speech Of Tested Themes and Phrases”, 出自 New York Times[3]:
      If you're for one of my erstwhile opponents, that's O.K. Just don't work too hard.
      (请为本引文添加中文翻译

用法说明

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使用erstwhile指代“尊敬的”起源自在“erstwhile colleague”之类的短语内被人误读为esteemed等词的近义词,大多数权威机构不建议如此使用。[1][2]

参考资料

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  1. 2005, May 21, Ruth Wajnryb, Erstwhile errors in do-it-yourself English, Sydney Morning Herald.
  2. 2003, July 4, Jed Hartman, Words easily confused #7

异序词

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