dico
法語 编辑
詞源 编辑
dictionnaire的縮略。 + -o。
發音 编辑
名詞 编辑
dico m (複數 dicos) (clipping)
- (非正式) 詞典
- J’adore ce dico! ― 我喜歡這本詞典！
拓展閱讀 编辑
- 查看“dictionnaire”在le Trésor de la langue française informatisé（《法语数字化宝库》）中的释义。
意大利語 编辑
發音 编辑
- 韻部：-iko
動詞 编辑
dico
拉丁語 编辑
詞源1 编辑
源自原始意大利語 *deikō ← 原始印歐語 *déyḱti (“指出”)。完成時派生自原始印歐語 *dḗyḱst。
與奧斯坎語 𐌃𐌄𐌝𐌊𐌖𐌌 (deíkum, “指出”), 梵語 दिशति (diśati), 古希臘語 δείκνυμι (deíknumi), 古英語 tǣċan (英語teach)等同源。
其他寫法 编辑
- deicō 〈古〉
發音 编辑
動詞 编辑
dīcō (现在时不定式 dīcere，完成时主动式 dīxī，目的动名词 dictum); 第三类变位, 不规则短命令式
- 說；提到；談
- Salūtem dīcit. ― 他說你好。 (字面意思是「He says health.」)
- 宣稱，宣佈.
- 告訴
- c. 254–184 B.C.E., 普勞圖斯, 俘虜, 623, (English and Latin text)
- Eho dic mihi, quis illic igitur est?
- Hey? Tell me, who is he then?
- Eho dic mihi, quis illic igitur est?
- c. 254–184 B.C.E., 普勞圖斯, 俘虜, 623, (English and Latin text)
- 任命
- 命名，稱……為
- 〈法〉(+ ad) 辯護
- 指
變位 编辑
1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").
2Archaic.
3The present passive infinitive in -ier is a rare poetic form which is attested.
〈旧〉:
派生詞 编辑
派生語彙 编辑
- 阿羅馬尼亞語：dzãc, dzãtsiri
- 阿斯圖里亞斯語：dicir
- 科西嘉語：dì
- 達爾馬提亞語：decro
- → 英語：dictum, ipse dixit
- 埃斯特雷馬杜拉語：dizil
- 法蘭克-普羅旺斯語：dére
- 弗留利語：dî
- 加盧拉語：dì
- 伊斯特拉語：deî
- 伊斯特羅-羅馬尼亞語：zic
- 意大利語：dire
- 拉登語：dì, dir
- 萊昂語：dicire
- 利古里亞語：dî
- 米蘭德斯語：dezir, dexir
- 納瓦拉-阿拉貢語：dezir, deçir, dizir
- 阿拉貢語：decir
- 那不勒斯語：dicere
- 古法語：dire
- 古奧克語：dir
- 古葡萄牙語：dizer
- 中世紀西班牙語：dezir, deçir, dicer, dizer, dizir
- 皮埃蒙特語：dì
- 羅馬尼亞語：zice, zicere
- 羅曼什語：dir, gir, deir
- 薩薩里語：dì
- 西西里語：dìri, diri, dìciri
- 威尼斯語：dir
詞源2 编辑
可能源自*dex (見於index > indicō, iūdex > iūdicō, vindex > vindicō)，源自原始印歐語 *deyḱ-s，源自*deyḱ- (“展示”)，參見詞源1dīcō。
發音 编辑
動詞 编辑
dicō (现在时不定式 dicāre，完成时主动式 dicāvī，目的动名词 dicātum); 第一类变位
變位 编辑
变位 编辑
派生詞 编辑
派生語彙 编辑
- 葡萄牙語：dicar
參考資料 编辑
- dico in Charlton T. Lewis & Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1879
- “dico”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- dico在Charles du Fresne du Cange的Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
- dico在Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français (拉丁語-法語詳解詞典), Hachette中的內容
- Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- to appoint a date for an interview: diem dicere colloquio
- to whisper something in a person's ears: in aurem alicui dicere (insusurrare) aliquid
- I heard him say..: ex eo audivi, cum diceret
- every one says: vulgo dicitur, pervulgatum est
- give me your opinion: dic quid sentias
- to speak the truth, admit the truth: verum dicere, profiteri
- to be truthful in all one's statements: omnia ad veritatem dicere
- to have a superficial knowledge, a smattering of literature, of the sciences: primis (ut dicitur) or primoribus labris gustare or attingere litteras
- to contradict some one: dicere contra aliquem or aliquid (not contradicere alicui)
- they say; it is commonly said: tradunt, dicunt, ferunt
- to speak extempore: subito, ex tempore (opp. ex praeparato) dicere
- to speak very fluently: copiose dicere
- to speak well, elegantly: ornate dicere
- to speak frankly, independently: libere dicere (Verr. 2. 72. 176)
- to speak openly, straightforwardly: plane, aperte dicere
- to speak in clear, expressive language: perspicue, diserte dicere
- to speak without circumlocution: missis ambagibus dicere
- to be a persuasive speaker: accommodate ad persuadendum dicere
- (1) to speak vehemently, passionately; (2) to speak pompously, boastfully: magnifice loqui, dicere
- to speak at great length on a subject, discuss very fully: fusius, uberius, copiosius disputare, dicere de aliqua re
- to read a speech: de scripto orationem habere, dicere (opp. sine scripto, ex memoria)
- I said it in jest: haec iocatus sum, per iocum dixi
- to be witty: facete dicere
- to indulge in apt witticisms: facete et commode dicere
- to make jokes on a person: dicta dicere in aliquem
- to say in earnest..: serio dicere (Plaut. Bacch. 1. 1. 42)
- to say only a few words: pauca dicere (pauca verba dicere only of the orator)
- the word amicitia comes from amare: nomen amicitiae (or simply amicitia) dicitur ab amando
- to be used in speaking of a thing: in aliqua re dici
- anger is defined as a passionate desire for revenge: iracundiam sic (ita) definiunt, ut ulciscendi libidinem esse dicant or ut u. libido sit or iracundiam sic definiunt, ulc. libidinem
- the word aemulatio is employed with two meanings, in a good and a bad sense: aemulatio dupliciter dicitur, ut et in laude et in vitio hoc nomen sit
- as the proverb says: ut or quod or quomodo aiunt, ut or quemadmodum dicitur
- Cicero says in his 'Laelius.: Cicero dicit in Laelio (suo) or in eo (not suo) libro, qui inscribitur Laelius
- our (not noster) author tells us at this point: scriptor hoc loco dicit
- Cicero says this somewhere: Cicero loco quodam haec dicit
- to lose one's composure; to be disconcerted: de gradu deici, ut dicitur
- to love some one very dearly, with all one's heart: aliquem toto pectore, ut dicitur, amare (Leg. 18. 49)
- to tell lies: mendacium dicere
- to tell lies: falsa (pro veris) dicere
- to greet a person: salutem alicui dicere, impertire, nuntiare
- Cicero sends cordial greetings to Atticus: Cicero Attico S.D.P. (salutem dicit plurimam)
- to separate, be divorced (used of man or woman): repudium dicere or scribere alicui
- to support a bill (before the people): pro lege dicere
- to name a person dictator: dictatorem dicere (creare)
- a dictator appoints a magister equitum: dictator dicit (legit) magistrum equitum
- to give an opinion (also used of a judge, cf. sect. VI. 4): sententiam dicere
- to administer justice (said of the praetor): ius dicere
- to summon some one to appear on a given day; to accuse a person: diem dicere alicui
- to give evidence on some one's behalf: testimonium dicere pro aliquo
- to state as evidence: pro testimonio dicere
- to address the court (of the advocate): causam dicere, orare (Brut. 12. 47)
- to defend oneself before the judge (of the accused): causam dicere
- to defend a person: causam dicere pro aliquo
- to give sentence (of the judge, cf. sect. VI. 4, note Not...): sententiam ferre, dicere (Off. 3. 16. 66)
- to take the military oath: sacramentum (o) dicere (vid. sect. XI. 2, note sacramentum...)
- to dictate the terms of peace to some one: pacis condiciones dare, dicere alicui (Liv. 29. 12)
- to sum up..: ut eorum, quae dixi, summam faciam
- I will only say this much..: tantum or unum illud or hoc dico
- this can be said of..., applies to..: hoc dici potest de aliqua re
- I said en passant, by the way: dixi quasi praeteriens or in transitu
- I have said it a thousand times: sexcenties, millies dixi
- （模糊）as I said above: ut supra (opp. infra) diximus, dictum est
- I cannot find words for..: dici vix (non) potest or vix potest dici (vix like non always before potest)
- I avoid mentioning...; I prefer not to touch upon..: supersedeo oratione (not dicere)
- I avoid mentioning...; I prefer not to touch upon..: omitto dicere
- （模糊）this I have to say: haec habeo dicere or habeo quae dicam
- he spoke (very much) as follows: haec (fere) dixit
- the tenor of his speech was this..: hanc in sententiam dixit
- which I can say without offence, arrogance: quod non arroganter dixerim
- allow me to say: pace tua dixerim or dicere liceat
- allow me to say: bona (cum) venia tua dixerim
- （模糊）so much for this subject...; enough has been said on..: ac (sed) de ... satis dixi, dictum est
- （模糊）a short, pointed witticism: breviter et commode dictum
- （模糊）a witticism, bon mot: facete dictum
- （模糊）a far-fetched joke: arcessitum dictum (De Or. 2. 63. 256)
- （模糊）so to speak (used to modify a figurative expression): ut ita dicam
- （模糊）not to mention..: ut non (nihil) dicam de...
- （模糊）to say nothing further on..: ut plura non dicam
- （模糊）not to say... (used in avoiding a stronger expression): ne dicam
- （模糊）to say the least..: ne (quid) gravius dicam
- （模糊）to put it briefly: ut breviter dicam
- （模糊）to use the mildest expression: ut levissime dicam (opp. ut gravissimo verbo utar)
- （模糊）to express myself more plainly: ut planius dicam
- （模糊）to put it more exactly: ut verius dicam
- （模糊）to say once for all: ut semel or in perpetuum dicam
- （模糊）I will give you my true opinion: dicam quod sentio
- （模糊）as I said above: ut supra (opp. infra) diximus, dictum est
- （模糊）this I have to say: haec habeo dicere or habeo quae dicam
- （模糊）so much for this subject...; enough has been said on..: ac (sed) de ... satis dixi, dictum est
- （模糊）there is something in what you say; you are more or less right: aliquid (τι) dicis (opp. nihil dicis)
- （模糊）what do you mean: quorsum haec (dicis)?
- （模糊）it is incredible: monstra dicis, narras
- to appoint a date for an interview: diem dicere colloquio
- Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, ISBN 0195083458
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [印歐語詞源詞典] (德語), Bern, München: Francke Verlag