维基词典

straw man

參見：strawman

英語

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替代形式

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詞源

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源自 straw +‎ man。

1986年版 Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary 多處顯示，本詞用作無形之物的比喻義可追溯到1585-95年。

1897年版 Universal Dictionary of the English Language 第4卷第4485頁將“man of straw”解釋為“The figure of a man formed of an old suit of clothes stuffed with straw; hence, the mere resemblance of a man; one of no substance or means; an imaginary person.”（用塞满稻草的旧衣服做成的人形；因此可表示：仅仅是与人相似；没有任何实质或手段；一个想象出来的人。）

對比西弗里斯蘭語 strieman、荷蘭語 strooman、stroman、德語 Strohmann、丹麥語 stråmand、瑞典語 stråman、挪威語 stråmann。

名詞

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straw man (複數 straw men)

  1. 稻草人 （一種用來防止鳥類擾亂農作物的設備）
  2. (比喻義) 不重要的人，沒有作用的人
  3. (比喻義) 稻草人論證，稻草人謬誤 （一種歪曲對手言論的辯論手段）
    反義詞：steelman
    • 2018, Lars Ljungqvist and Thomas J. Sargent, Recursive macroeconomic theory, 4th版, MIT Press，第 4 頁:
      This Euler inequality recurs as either the cornerstone or the straw man in many theories contained in this book.
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
  5. (比喻義，工程學，商業) 稻草人提案
    a tentative straw-man spec
    暫定的稻草人規範
  6. straw buyer之同義詞
    • 2000, John W. Reilly, The Language of Real Estate，第 381 頁:
      If a broker or a salesperson attempts to use a straw man to purchase property for which he or she has a listing, the real estate person must specifically disclose in writing to the seller this relationship with the buyer.
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

動詞

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straw man (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 straw mans，現在分詞 straw manning，一般過去時及過去分詞 straw manned)

  1. 使用稻草人論證
    同類詞：steelman
    Person A: "Cats have claws."
    Person B: "Not all cats have claws: some are declawed."
    Person A: "Don't straw man me; I never said all."
    甲：“猫有爪子。”
    乙：“不是所有的猫都有爪子：有些猫没有爪子。”
    甲：“别拿我当稻草人，我从没说过“所有”。”
    • 1996 [Vale Press], Ralph H. Johnson, The Rise of Informal Logic, Windsor Studies in Argumentation, 2014, E-edition, page 178,
      I have also argued that he is guilty of straw manning Copi and that his charge of shoddy reasoning against Kahane makes use of an equivocation on the concept of fallacy.
    • 2016, Stijn Smismans, “5: Regulatory Procedure and Participation in the European Union”, 出自 Comparative Law and Regulation, Edward Elgar Publishing，第 133 頁:
      11 It should, however, also be noted that in certain cases later "neo-corporatist authors" straw manned the pluralist model, making it easier to criticise (Nedelmann and Meier, 1979: 94).
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
    • 2021, John T. Lysaker, Philosophy, Writing, and the Character of Thought, University of Chicago Press，第 39 頁:
      My point does not concern the principle of charity or whether Hickman has straw manned postmodernism.
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

延伸閲讀

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来自“https://zh.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=straw_man&oldid=8634762”