參見:strawman

英語

編輯

替代形式

編輯

詞源

編輯

源自 straw +‎ man

1986年版 Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary 多處顯示,本詞用作無形之物的比喻義可追溯到1585-95年。

1897年版 Universal Dictionary of the English Language 第4卷第4485頁將「man of straw」解釋為「The figure of a man formed of an old suit of clothes stuffed with straw; hence, the mere resemblance of a man; one of no substance or means; an imaginary person.」(用塞滿稻草的舊衣服做成的人形;因此可表示:僅僅是與人相似;沒有任何實質或手段;一個想象出來的人。)

對比西弗里斯蘭語 strieman荷蘭語 stroomanstroman德語 Strohmann丹麥語 stråmand瑞典語 stråman挪威語 stråmann

名詞

編輯

straw man (複數 straw men)

  1. 稻草人 一種用來防止鳥類擾亂農作物設備
  2. (比喻義) 不重要的人,沒有作用的人
  3. (比喻義) 稻草人論證,稻草人謬誤 一種歪曲對手言論辯論手段
    反義詞: steelman
    • 2018, Lars Ljungqvist and Thomas J. Sargent, Recursive macroeconomic theory, 4th版, MIT Press,頁號 4:
      This Euler inequality recurs as either the cornerstone or the straw man in many theories contained in this book.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯
  4. (比喻義工程學商業) 稻草人提案
    a tentative straw-man spec
    暫定的稻草人規範
  5. straw buyer之同義詞
    • 2000, John W. Reilly, The Language of Real Estate,頁號 381:
      If a broker or a salesperson attempts to use a straw man to purchase property for which he or she has a listing, the real estate person must specifically disclose in writing to the seller this relationship with the buyer.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯

動詞

編輯

straw man (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 straw mans,現在分詞 straw manning,一般過去時及過去分詞 straw manned)

  1. 使用稻草人論證
    同類詞: steelman
    Person A: "Cats have claws."
    Person B: "Not all cats have claws: some are declawed."
    Person A: "Don't straw man me; I never said all."
    甲:「貓有爪子。」
    乙:「不是所有的貓都有爪子:有些貓沒有爪子。」
    甲:「別當稻草人,我從沒說過「所有」。」
    • 1996 [Vale Press], Ralph H. Johnson, The Rise of Informal Logic, Windsor Studies in Argumentation, 2014, E-edition, page 178,
      I have also argued that he is guilty of straw manning Copi and that his charge of shoddy reasoning against Kahane makes use of an equivocation on the concept of fallacy.
    • 2016, Stijn Smismans, 「5: Regulatory Procedure and Participation in the European Union」, 出自 Comparative Law and Regulation, Edward Elgar Publishing頁號 133:
      11 It should, however, also be noted that in certain cases later "neo-corporatist authors" straw manned the pluralist model, making it easier to criticise (Nedelmann and Meier, 1979: 94).
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯
    • 2021, John T. Lysaker, Philosophy, Writing, and the Character of Thought, University of Chicago Press頁號 39:
      My point does not concern the principle of charity or whether Hickman has straw manned postmodernism.
      (請為本引文添加中文翻譯

延伸閲讀

編輯