totus

拉丁語

詞源1

不確定。可能與奧斯坎語 𐌕𐌏𐌖𐌕𐌏 (touto, “社群，城邦”)、翁布里亞語 𐌕𐌏𐌕𐌀𐌌 (totam, “部落”, 賓格)有關，源自原始意大利語 *toutā (“民眾，公民”)，源自原始印歐語 *tewtéh₂ (“民族，部落”)。

發音

• (古典) IPA^(幫助)：/ˈtoː.tus/, [ˈt̪oː.t̪ʊs]
• (教會) IPA^(幫助)：/ˈto.tus/, [ˈt̪ɔː.t̪us]
• 斷字：to‧tus

形容詞

tōtus (阴性 tōta，中性 tōtum); 第一/第二類變格 形容詞 (pronominal)

1. 全部的，總的，完整的
2. 同時的

變格

第一/第二類變格 adjective (pronominal)。

數	單數				複數
格 / 性	陽性	陰性	中性		陽性	陰性	中性
主格	tōtus	tōta	tōtum		tōtī	tōtae	tōta
屬格	tōtīus				tōtōrum	tōtārum	tōtōrum
與格	tōtī				tōtīs
賓格	tōtum	tōtam	tōtum		tōtōs	tōtās	tōta
奪格	tōtō	tōtā	tōtō		tōtīs
呼格	tōte	tōta	tōtum		tōtī	tōtae	tōta

派生詞

• pars prō tōtō
• Tēla Tōtīus Terrae
• tōtālis

派生語彙

• , tot
• （通過 totalis）

• , tucc
• /tüt
• ,
• , tot, tuot
• , tut, dut

參見

• integer
• omnis

參考資料

• tōtus in Charlton T. Lewis & Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1879
• totus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• totus在Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français (拉丁語-法語詳解詞典), Hachette中的內容
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • the perfect harmony of the universe: totius mundi convenientia et consensus
    
  • to spread over the whole body: per totum corpus diffundi
    
  • to be at the beck and call of another; to be his creature: totum se fingere et accommodare ad alicuius arbitrium et nutum
    
  • to devote oneself absolutely to the pursuit of pleasure: se totum voluptatibus dedere, tradere
    
  • to devote oneself entirely to literature: se totum litteris tradere, dedere
    
  • to be quite engrossed in literary studies: se totum in litteras or se litteris abdere
    
  • to upset the whole system: totam rationem evertere (pass. iacet tota ratio)
    
  • to love some one very dearly, with all one's heart: aliquem toto pectore, ut dicitur, amare (Leg. 18. 49)
    
  • to put oneself entirely in some one's hands: totum se committere, tradere alicui
    
  • to abandon oneself (entirely) to debauchery: se (totum) libidinibus dedere
    
  • credit is low throughout Italy: fides tota Italia est angusta
    
  • to devote oneself body and soul to the good of the state: totum et animo et corpore in salutem rei publicae se conferre
    

詞源2

源自tot (“如此多”)。

發音

• (古典) IPA^(幫助)：/ˈto.tus/, [ˈt̪ɔ.t̪ʊs]
• (教會) IPA^(幫助)：/ˈto.tus/, [ˈt̪ɔː.t̪us]

形容詞

tŏtus (阴性 tŏta，中性 tŏtum); 第一/第二類變格 形容詞

1. (非常罕用) 如此多的

   quotcumque pedum spatia facienda censueris, totam partem longitudinis et latitudinis duces

   of however many feet you have determined the gaps are to be made, you will take as great a part of the length and breadth

變格

第一/第二類變格 adjective。

數	單數				複數
格 / 性	陽性	陰性	中性		陽性	陰性	中性
主格	tŏtus	tŏta	tŏtum		tŏtī	tŏtae	tŏta
屬格	tŏtī	tŏtae	tŏtī		tŏtōrum	tŏtārum	tŏtōrum
與格	tŏtō		tŏtō		tŏtīs
賓格	tŏtum	tŏtam	tŏtum		tŏtōs	tŏtās	tŏta
奪格	tŏtō	tŏtā	tŏtō		tŏtīs
呼格	tŏte	tŏta	tŏtum		tŏtī	tŏtae	tŏta

相關詞彙

拉丁語關聯詞 ^(edit)

類型	疑問	不定	（內部） 指示	近處 指示	遠處 指示	關係	不定 關係	本身	其他
基本	quis, quī	quis, quī, quīdam, aliquis, aliquī, quisque, quisquam, aliquisquam, quispiam, ūllus	is, iste, istic	hic	ille, illic	quī	quisquis, quīcumque	ipse, īdem	alter, alius
兩者	uter	alteruter, uterque				uter	utercumque
數量	quot	aliquot	tot			quot	quotquot, quotcumque	totidem
順序	quotus		totus			quotus	quotuscumque
程度	quam	aliquam	tam			quam	†quamquam	†tamen, †tandem
大小	quantus	aliquantus	tantus			quantus	quantuscumque	tantusdem
種類	quālis	aliquālis	tālis			quālis	quālis, quāliscumque
方式	ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum	utique, quī, quōdam modō, aliquō modō	ita, sic, eō/istō modō	hōc modō	illō modō	ut, quī, quō modō, quōmodo, quemadmodum	utut, utcumque, quōmodocumque	item, itidem	aliter, aliōquī, alterō/aliō modō
方向 方位	quā	aliquā, quāque	eā, istāc	hāc	illāc	quā	quāquā, quācumque	eādem	aliā
地方	ubi	alicubi, ubique, usquam, uspiam	ibi, istic	hīc	illīc	ubi	ubiubi, ubicumque	ibidem	alibī, aliās
來源	unde	alicunde, undeunde	inde, istinc	hinc	illinc	unde	undecumque	indidem	aliunde
目的	quō, quōrsum	aliquō, quōquam, quōpiam, °aliquōvorsum	eō, istūc, °istōrsum	hūc, °hōrsum	illūc, °illōrsum	quō	quōquō, quōcumque	eōdem	aliō, aliorsum
時間	quandō	quondam, aliquandō, quandōque, umquam	tum, tunc	num, nunc	ōlim	cum, quandō	cumque, quandōcumque, quandōque	simul	aliās
確切時間	quota hora		ea/ista hora	hac hora	illa hora	quota hora	quotacumque hora	eadem hora	altera/alia hora
頻率	quotiēns	aliquotiēns	totiēns			quotiēns	quotiēnscumque
次數	quotuplex		totuplex			quotuplex
† Turned conjunction with original meaning somewhat dissimulated ° 罕用

參考資料

• tŏtus in Charlton T. Lewis & Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1879
• totus in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• totus在Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français (拉丁語-法語詳解詞典), Hachette中的內容