तद्

梵语

词源

来自原始印欧语 *tód。赋予了阳性和阴性形式 स (sá), सा (sā)。

代词

तद् (tád) （n）

1. (第三人称代词) it(它)
2. that(那个)
3. this(这个)

变格

तद् 的变格
主格单数	तत (tat) (tata (tat))
属格单数	तस्य (tasya) (tasya (tasya))
	单数	双数	复数
主格	तत (tat) (tata (tat))	ते (te) (te (te))	तानि (tāni) (tāni (tāni))
呼格	—	—	—
宾格	तत (tat) (tata (tat))	ते (te) (te (te))	तानि (tāni) (tāni (tāni))
工具格	तेन (tena) (tena (tena))	ताभ्याम् (tābhyām) (tābhyām (tābhyām))	तैः (taiḥ) (taiḥ (taiḥ))
与格	तस्मै (tasmai) (tasmai (tasmai))	ताभ्याम् (tābhyām) (tābhyām (tābhyām))	तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) (tebhyaḥ (tebhyaḥ))
离格	तस्मात् (tasmāt), ततः (tataḥ) (tasmāt (tasmāt), tataḥ (tataḥ))	ताभ्याम् (tābhyām), ततः (tataḥ) (tābhyām (tābhyām), tataḥ (tataḥ))	तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ), ततः (tataḥ) (tebhyaḥ (tebhyaḥ), tataḥ (tataḥ))
属格	तस्य (tasya) (tasya (tasya))	तयोः (tayoḥ) (tayoḥ (tayoḥ))	तेषाम् (teṣām) (teṣām (teṣām))
位格	तस्मिन् (tasmin) (tasmin (tasmin))	तयोः (tayoḥ) (tayoḥ (tayoḥ))	तेषु (teṣu) (teṣu (teṣu))

用法

经常联合上位于前导子句中的 य (yá)，比如：

yasya buddhiḥ sa balavān — of whom there is intellect he is strong

有时为了表示强调，连接上第一和第二人称代词，连接上其他指示词和关系词，比如：

so 'ham — I that very person, I myself

tāv imau — those very two

tad etad ākhyānam — that very tale

yat tat kāraṇam — that very reason which

yā sā śrī — that very fortune which

名词

तद् (tád) （n）

1. 这个世界 (cf. इदम् (idam))
2. = ब्रह्म (brahma) » तत्त्व (tat-tva)

副词

तद् (tád)

1. there(那里), in that place(在那个地方), thither(那边的), to that spot(到那个地方) (联合上 यत्र (yátra) 或 यतस् (yátas))
2. then(当时), at that time(在那时), in that case(如果是那样的话)(联合上 यदा (yadā́), यद् (yád) AV.; 联合上 यत्र (yátra) ŚBr. xiv; 联合上 यदि (yadi) Nal. Bhag. etc.; 联合上 चेद् (ce*d) Śak. etc.)
4. thus(如此), in this manner(照这样), with regard to that(关于那个)

   tad etau ślokau bhavataḥ — with reference to that there are these two verses

5. on that account(基于那种考虑), for that reason(由于那种理由), therefore(因此), consequently(从而)(有时联合上 यतस् (yatas), यद् (yád), येन (yena) "成为"
6. now(目前)(子句连接质词)
7. so also, equally(相等的), and(与，和)

派生词项

• तद् तद् (tad tad) (tad tad)
• यद् तद् (yad tad) (yad tad)
• तन् न (tan na) (tan na)
• तद् अपि (tad api) (tad api)
• तद् यथा (tad yathā) (tad yathā)

引用

• Monier Williams (1899)，“तद्”，A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […]，new版，Oxford：At the Clarendon Press，OCLC 458052227，第 0434 页