तद्
梵語
编辑詞源
编辑來自原始印歐語 *tód。賦予了陽性和陰性形式 स (sá), सा (sā)。
代詞
编辑तद् (tád) （n）
變格
编辑| तद् 的變格 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| 主格單數 | तत (tat) (tata (tat)) | ||
| 屬格單數 | तस्य (tasya) (tasya (tasya)) | ||
| 單數 | 雙數 | 複數 | |
| 主格 | तत (tat) (tata (tat)) | ते (te) (te (te)) | तानि (tāni) (tāni (tāni)) |
| 呼格 | — | — | — |
| 賓格 | तत (tat) (tata (tat)) | ते (te) (te (te)) | तानि (tāni) (tāni (tāni)) |
| 工具格 | तेन (tena) (tena (tena)) | ताभ्याम् (tābhyām) (tābhyām (tābhyām)) | तैः (taiḥ) (taiḥ (taiḥ)) |
| 與格 | तस्मै (tasmai) (tasmai (tasmai)) | ताभ्याम् (tābhyām) (tābhyām (tābhyām)) | तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) (tebhyaḥ (tebhyaḥ)) |
| 離格 | तस्मात् (tasmāt), ततः (tataḥ) (tasmāt (tasmāt), tataḥ (tataḥ)) | ताभ्याम् (tābhyām), ततः (tataḥ) (tābhyām (tābhyām), tataḥ (tataḥ)) | तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ), ततः (tataḥ) (tebhyaḥ (tebhyaḥ), tataḥ (tataḥ)) |
| 屬格 | तस्य (tasya) (tasya (tasya)) | तयोः (tayoḥ) (tayoḥ (tayoḥ)) | तेषाम् (teṣām) (teṣām (teṣām)) |
| 位格 | तस्मिन् (tasmin) (tasmin (tasmin)) | तयोः (tayoḥ) (tayoḥ (tayoḥ)) | तेषु (teṣu) (teṣu (teṣu)) |
用法
编辑經常聯合上位于前導子句中的 य (yá)，比如：
- yasya buddhiḥ sa balavān — of whom there is intellect he is strong
有時為了表示強調，連接上第一和第二人稱代詞，連接上其他指示詞和關系詞，比如：
- so 'ham — I that very person, I myself
- tāv imau — those very two
- tad etad ākhyānam — that very tale
- yat tat kāraṇam — that very reason which
- yā sā śrī — that very fortune which
名詞
编辑तद् (tád) （n）
副詞
编辑तद् (tád)
- there(那里), in that place(在那個地方), thither(那邊的), to that spot(到那個地方) (聯合上 यत्र (yátra) 或 यतस् (yátas))
- then(當時), at that time(在那時), in that case(如果是那樣的話)(聯合上 यदा (yadā́), यद् (yád) AV.; 聯合上 यत्र (yátra) ŚBr. xiv; 聯合上 यदि (yadi) Nal. Bhag. etc.; 聯合上 चेद् (ce*d) Śak. etc.)
- thus(如此), in this manner(照這樣), with regard to that(關於那個)
- tad etau ślokau bhavataḥ — with reference to that there are these two verses
- on that account(基於那種考慮), for that reason(由於那種理由), therefore(因此), consequently(從而)(有時聯合上 यतस् (yatas), यद् (yád), येन (yena) "成為"
- now(目前)(子句連接質詞)
- so also, equally(相等的), and(與，和)
派生詞項
编辑- तद् तद् (tad tad) (tad tad)
- यद् तद् (yad tad) (yad tad)
- तन् न (tan na) (tan na)
- तद् अपि (tad api) (tad api)
- तद् यथा (tad yathā) (tad yathā)
引用
编辑- Monier Williams (1899)，“तद्”，A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […]，new版，Oxford：At the Clarendon Press，OCLC 458052227，第 0434 頁