तद्
梵語
編輯詞源
編輯來自原始印歐語 *tód。賦予了陽性和陰性形式 स (sá), सा (sā)。
代詞
編輯तद् (tád) (n)
變格
編輯तद् 的變格 | |||
---|---|---|---|
主格單數 | तत (tat) (tata (tat)) | ||
屬格單數 | तस्य (tasya) (tasya (tasya)) | ||
單數 | 雙數 | 複數 | |
主格 | तत (tat) (tata (tat)) | ते (te) (te (te)) | तानि (tāni) (tāni (tāni)) |
呼格 | — | — | — |
賓格 | तत (tat) (tata (tat)) | ते (te) (te (te)) | तानि (tāni) (tāni (tāni)) |
工具格 | तेन (tena) (tena (tena)) | ताभ्याम् (tābhyām) (tābhyām (tābhyām)) | तैः (taiḥ) (taiḥ (taiḥ)) |
與格 | तस्मै (tasmai) (tasmai (tasmai)) | ताभ्याम् (tābhyām) (tābhyām (tābhyām)) | तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ) (tebhyaḥ (tebhyaḥ)) |
離格 | तस्मात् (tasmāt), ततः (tataḥ) (tasmāt (tasmāt), tataḥ (tataḥ)) | ताभ्याम् (tābhyām), ततः (tataḥ) (tābhyām (tābhyām), tataḥ (tataḥ)) | तेभ्यः (tebhyaḥ), ततः (tataḥ) (tebhyaḥ (tebhyaḥ), tataḥ (tataḥ)) |
屬格 | तस्य (tasya) (tasya (tasya)) | तयोः (tayoḥ) (tayoḥ (tayoḥ)) | तेषाम् (teṣām) (teṣām (teṣām)) |
位格 | तस्मिन् (tasmin) (tasmin (tasmin)) | तयोः (tayoḥ) (tayoḥ (tayoḥ)) | तेषु (teṣu) (teṣu (teṣu)) |
用法
編輯經常聯合上位於前導子句中的 य (yá),比如:
- yasya buddhiḥ sa balavān — of whom there is intellect he is strong
有時為了表示強調,連接上第一和第二人稱代詞,連接上其他指示詞和關系詞,比如:
- so 'ham — I that very person, I myself
- tāv imau — those very two
- tad etad ākhyānam — that very tale
- yat tat kāraṇam — that very reason which
- yā sā śrī — that very fortune which
名詞
編輯तद् (tád) (n)
副詞
編輯तद् (tád)
- there(那裡), in that place(在那個地方), thither(那邊的), to that spot(到那個地方) (聯合上 यत्र (yátra) 或 यतस् (yátas))
- then(當時), at that time(在那時), in that case(如果是那樣的話)(聯合上 यदा (yadā́), यद् (yád) AV.; 聯合上 यत्र (yátra) ŚBr. xiv; 聯合上 यदि (yadi) Nal. Bhag. etc.; 聯合上 चेद् (ce*d) Śak. etc.)
- thus(如此), in this manner(照這樣), with regard to that(關於那個)
- tad etau ślokau bhavataḥ — with reference to that there are these two verses
- on that account(基於那種考慮), for that reason(由於那種理由), therefore(因此), consequently(從而)(有時聯合上 यतस् (yatas), यद् (yád), येन (yena) "成為"
- now(目前)(子句連接質詞)
- so also, equally(相等的), and(與,和)
派生詞項
編輯- तद् तद् (tad tad) (tad tad)
- यद् तद् (yad tad) (yad tad)
- तन् न (tan na) (tan na)
- तद् अपि (tad api) (tad api)
- तद् यथा (tad yathā) (tad yathā)
引用
編輯- Monier Williams (1899), 「तद्」, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new版, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, OCLC 458052227, 頁0434