coward
参见：Coward
英语 编辑
词源 编辑
源自中古英语 coward，源自古法语 coart、cuard（→法语 couard），源自coue、coe (“尾巴”) + -ard (贬义施动者名词后缀)。其中，coue、coe，源自拉丁语 cauda。可能指的是动物“转尾巴的方向或夹着尾巴（逃跑）”，尤其是狗。与英语 cower无关。取代了本土词古英语 earg。
发音 编辑
- (英国) 英语发音：kou'əd、国际音标(帮助)：/ˈkaʊəd/
（英国）音频 （文档）
- (美国) 英语发音：kou'ərd、国际音标(帮助)：/ˈkaʊɚd/
（美国）音频 （文档）
- 断字：co‧ward
- 同音词：cowered
名词 编辑
coward (复数 cowards)
- 懦夫，胆小鬼
- c. 1599, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Ivlivs Cæsar”, 出自 Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies, London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, 出版于 1623, →OCLC, Act II, scene ii，页号 117, column 1:
- Cowards dye many times before their deaths, / The valiant neuer taſte of death but once: […]
- （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
- 1856: Gustave Flaubert, Madame Bovary, Part II Chapter IV, translated by Eleanor Marx-Aveling
- He tortured himself to find out how he could make his declaration to her, and always halting between the fear of displeasing her and the shame of being such a coward, he wept with discouragement and desire. Then he took energetic resolutions, wrote letters that he tore up, put it off to times that he again deferred.
近义词 编辑
衍生词汇 编辑
形容词 编辑
coward (比较级 more coward，最高级 most coward)
- 胆小的，怯懦的
- 近义词： cowardly
- Template:RQ:Montaigne Florio Essayes
- 大约1605 William Shakespeare, King Lear, Act II, Scene 4,[1]
- He rais’d the house with loud and coward cries.
- 1709, Matthew Prior, “Celia to Damon” in Poems on Several Occasions, London: Jacob Tonson, 2nd edition, p. 89,[2]
- Invading Fears repel my Coward Joy;
- And Ills foreseen the pleasant Bliss destroy.
- (纹章学，指狮子图案) 在腿间有两条尾巴的
动词 编辑
coward (第三人称单数简单现在时 cowards，现在分词 cowarding，一般过去时及过去分词 cowarded)
- (及物，弃用) 恫吓
- 1820, John Chalkhill, Thealma and Clearchus:
- The first he coped with was their captain, whom / His sword sent headless to seek out a tomb. / This cowarded the valour of the rest, […]
- （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
参考资料 编辑
中古英语 编辑
词源 1 编辑
借自古法语 coart，等价于古法语 coe (“尾巴”) + -ard。对比taylarde。
其他形式 编辑
发音 编辑
名词 编辑
coward
相关词汇 编辑
派生语汇 编辑
参考资料 编辑
- “cǒuard, n.” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
形容词 编辑
coward
派生语汇 编辑
- 英语: coward
参考资料 编辑
- “cǒuard, adj.” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
词源 2 编辑
名词 编辑
coward
- couherde的另一种写法