drown

参见：Drown

英语

词源

源自中古英语 drownen、drounen、drunen (“溺死”)，其词源不详。

《牛津英语词典》提出一个不可考的古英语形式*drūnian。 Harper 2001指出古英语druncnian、ġedruncnian（→中古英语 drunknen、dronknen (“溺死”)），它们“可能受到了古诺尔斯语 drukkna的影响”（对比冰岛语 drukkna、丹麦语 drukne (“溺死”)）。Funk & Wagnalls认为词源不详。有理论指出（如ODS）其可能直接借自古诺尔斯语 drukkna，但《牛津词典》认为在“发音和各种原因上解释不通”，除非引入不可考变体古诺尔斯语 *drunkna的可能性。

发音

• 英语发音：droun、国际音标^(帮助)：/dɹaʊn/, [d̠͡ɹ̠˔ʷaʊn]

• （美国）音频

  （文档）

• 韵部：-aʊn

动词

drown (第三人称单数简单现在时 drowns，现在分词 drowning，一般过去时及过去分词 drowned)

1. (不及物) 溺死，淹死

   近义词： (弃用) drench

   When I was a baby, I nearly drowned in the bathtub.

   我很小的时候差点在浴缸里淹死。

   • Template:RQ:Shakespeare Lucrece
2. (及物) 使...淹死

   近义词： (弃用) drench

   The car thief fought with an officer and tried to drown a police dog before being shot while escaping.

   汽车窃贼和一名警官斗殴以后，试图将一只警犬溺死，然后在逃跑时被枪打中。

   • Template:RQ:Shakespeare Henry 6-2
3. (不及物) 被淹没

   We are drowning in information but starving for wisdom.

   我们淹没在信息的海洋中，却仍希求智慧。

   • 1990, House of Cards, 季数 1, 集数 2:

     Penny Guy: Bloody hell, Rog, whadda you want? / Roger O'Neill: To drown in your arms and hide in yer eyes, darlin'.

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

4. (及物，比喻义) 淹没，浸没

   He drowns his sorrows in buckets of chocolate ice cream.

   他靠大桶巧克力冰淇淋来消愁。

   • 1599, John Davies, Nosce Teipsum‎^[1], London: John Standish，页号 19:

     Though most men being in sensuall pleasures drownd, / It seemes their Soules but in the Senses are.

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

   • Template:RQ:Shakespeare Antony and Cleopatra
   • Template:RQ:Addison Cato
   • 1749, Henry Fielding, 章号 XIV, 出自 The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, 卷 II, London: A[ndrew] Millar […], →OCLC, book VII，页号s 71–72:

     Unluckily that worthy Officer having, in a literal Sense, taken his Fill of Liquor, had been some Time retired to his Bolster, where he was snoaring so loud, that it was not easy to convey a Noise in at his Ears capable of drowning that which issued from his Nostrils.

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

5. (及物，比喻义，常用被动语态) 使...淹没（于其他物品中）

   The answers intelligence services seek are often drowned in the flood of information they can now gather.

   （请为本使用例添加中文翻译）

用法说明

用比喻义指掩盖其他事物的声音时，现在常用形式drown out。

近义词

• (使淹死)： noyade
• (淹没)： flood、inundate

衍生词汇

• a drowning man will clutch at a straw
• drowned
• drowned tube
• drowner
• drowning
• drown one's sorrows
• drown out
• drown the miller
• too much water drowned the miller

 

异序词

• N-word, n-word

威尔士语

发音

• 国际音标^(帮助)：/drou̯n/

动词

drown

1. trown的软音异变。

辅音变化

辅音变化
原型	浊化	鼻音化	清音化
trown	drown	nhrown	thrown
注意：有些形式仅是推测，不是每种形式都一定存在。