earthquake

英语

Earthquake tsunami wave animation.

词源

继承自中古英语 erthequake，可以拆解为 earth +‎ quake。取代了中古英语 eorð byfung (“地震”)，后者源自古英语 eorþbeofung (字面意思是“土地摇动”)。

发音

(标准英音) 国际音标^(帮助): /ˈɜːθkweɪk/
(通用美式) 国际音标^(帮助): /ˈɝθkweɪk/
音频（美国）： (档案)
韵部：-ɜː(ɹ)θkweɪk

名词

earthquake (复数 earthquakes)

地震（由火山活动或地质断层周围的运动引起的地面震动）（自14世纪起）
- 1590, 埃德蒙·斯宾塞, “Book III, Canto II”, 出自仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]）, London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:
  Her alablaster brest she soft did kis, / Which all that while shee felt to pant and quake, / As it an Earth-quake were: at last she thus bespake.
  （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
- 2006年10月6日, Declan Walsh, The Guardian:
  Last year's earthquake crushed his house, his livelihood and very nearly his leg, he said, pointing to a plastered limb that refuses to heal.
  （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
(行星地质学) 特指发生在地球上的地面震动（20世纪起）
- 1988, Jürgen Oberst, Yosio Nakamura, “A seismic risk for the lunar base”, 出自 The Second Conference on Lunar Bases and Space Activities of the 21st Century, 第 1 卷, NASA，第 231–233 页s:
  Since the response of some man-made structures to the ground motion near the epicenter is highly dependent on frequency, a significant difference in potential damage to the structures is expected between earthquakes and moonquakes.
  （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
- 2006, Bruce A. Bolt, Earthquakes, Fifth Edition:
  The wave patterns, too, are strikingly different: The secondary (S) waves and surface waves on lunar seismograms are not generally as clearly defined and distinct as are those of earthquakes.
  （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
(比喻义) 唐突剧变；具严重破坏性的事件
- 2019年7月11日, John Thornhill, “Does tech threaten to rerun the worst of the Industrial Revolution?”, 出自 Financial Times‎^[1]:
  As we have seen, economic earthquakes often result in political shockwaves. […] He highlights a correlation between those states with the highest robot density and those states that unexpectedly swung behind Donald Trump in the 2016 presidential election, namely Michigan, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin.
  （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
- 2024年3月20日, Jon Henley, “Leo Varadkar steps down as Irish prime minister in shock move”, 出自 The Guardian‎^[2], →ISSN:
  Leo Varadkar has announced he is standing down as Ireland’s prime minister and also giving up his role as leader of the Fine Gael party in the ruling coalition, in a surprise move described by pundits as a “political earthquake” for the country.
  （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

近义词

派生词汇

动词

earthquake (第三人称单数简单现在时 earthquakes，现在分词 earthquaking，一般过去时及过去分词 earthquaked)

(不及物) 发生地震
- 1993, Gyeorgos C. Hatonn, The Best of Times: The Worst of Times，第 129 页:
  Watch the Philippines very closely for the next little while. There is rumbling and earthquaking deep within Pinatubo and increased earthquaking within Mayon.
  （请为本引文添加中文翻译）