earthquake

英語

Earthquake tsunami wave animation.

詞源

繼承自中古英語 erthequake，可以拆解為 earth +‎ quake。取代了中古英語 eorð byfung (「地震」)，後者源自古英語 eorþbeofung (字面意思是「土地搖動」)。

發音

(標準英音) 國際音標^(幫助): /ˈɜːθkweɪk/
(通用美式) 國際音標^(幫助): /ˈɝθkweɪk/
音頻（美國）： (檔案)
韻部：-ɜː(ɹ)θkweɪk

名詞

earthquake (複數 earthquakes)

地震（由火山活動或地質斷層周圍的運動引起的地面震動）（自14世紀起）
- 1590, 埃德蒙·斯宾塞, 「Book III, Canto II」, 出自仙后（The Faerie Qveene . […]）, London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC:
  Her alablaster brest she soft did kis, / Which all that while shee felt to pant and quake, / As it an Earth-quake were: at last she thus bespake.
  （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 2006年10月6日, Declan Walsh, The Guardian:
  Last year's earthquake crushed his house, his livelihood and very nearly his leg, he said, pointing to a plastered limb that refuses to heal.
  （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
(行星地質學) 特指發生在地球上的地面震動（20世紀起）
- 1988, Jürgen Oberst, Yosio Nakamura, 「A seismic risk for the lunar base」, 出自 The Second Conference on Lunar Bases and Space Activities of the 21st Century, 第 1 卷, NASA，第 231–233 頁s:
  Since the response of some man-made structures to the ground motion near the epicenter is highly dependent on frequency, a significant difference in potential damage to the structures is expected between earthquakes and moonquakes.
  （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 2006, Bruce A. Bolt, Earthquakes, Fifth Edition:
  The wave patterns, too, are strikingly different: The secondary (S) waves and surface waves on lunar seismograms are not generally as clearly defined and distinct as are those of earthquakes.
  （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
(比喻義) 唐突劇變；具嚴重破壞性的事件
- 2019年7月11日, John Thornhill, 「Does tech threaten to rerun the worst of the Industrial Revolution?」, 出自 Financial Times‎^[1]:
  As we have seen, economic earthquakes often result in political shockwaves. […] He highlights a correlation between those states with the highest robot density and those states that unexpectedly swung behind Donald Trump in the 2016 presidential election, namely Michigan, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin.
  （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
- 2024年3月20日, Jon Henley, 「Leo Varadkar steps down as Irish prime minister in shock move」, 出自 The Guardian‎^[2], →ISSN:
  Leo Varadkar has announced he is standing down as Ireland’s prime minister and also giving up his role as leader of the Fine Gael party in the ruling coalition, in a surprise move described by pundits as a “political earthquake” for the country.
  （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

近義詞

派生詞彙

動詞

earthquake (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 earthquakes，現在分詞 earthquaking，一般過去時及過去分詞 earthquaked)

(不及物) 發生地震
- 1993, Gyeorgos C. Hatonn, The Best of Times: The Worst of Times，第 129 頁:
  Watch the Philippines very closely for the next little while. There is rumbling and earthquaking deep within Pinatubo and increased earthquaking within Mayon.
  （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）