fallacy

英語

詞源

源自中古英語 fallaci、fallace、fallas，源自古法語 fallace，源自拉丁語 fallacia (「欺騙」, 名詞)，源自fallax (「欺騙性的」)，源自fallere (「欺騙」, 動詞)。

發音

• (標準英音) 國際音標^(幫助): /ˈfæləsi/

• （美國）音頻：

  (檔案)

名詞

fallacy (複數 fallacies)

1. 欺騙性的事物

   近義詞：deception、deceitfulness

   • 1749, Henry Fielding, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, 第 (please specify |volume=I to VI) 卷s, London: A[ndrew] Millar […], →OCLC:

     Mr Jones expressed great gratitude to the lady for the kind intentions towards him which she had expressed, and indeed testified, by this proposal; but, besides intimating some diffidence of success from the lady’s knowledge of his love to her niece, which had not been her case in regard to Mr Fitzpatrick, he said, he was afraid Miss Western would never agree to an imposition of this kind, as well from her utter detestation of all fallacy as from her avowed duty to her aunt.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 1834, L[etitia] E[lizabeth] L[andon], Francesca Carrara. […], 第 II 卷, London: Richard Bentley, […], (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC，第 108–109 頁s:

     I no longer believe in happiness, because I see the fallacy of my first belief; and the examination which that induced, has shewn me the fallacy of all. Shew me a heart without its hidden wound.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

2. (邏輯學) 謬誤

   近義詞：logical fallacy；亦參見Thesaurus:incorrect argument

   下位詞：formal fallacy、informal fallacy

   • 1983, Richard Ellis, The Book of Sharks, Knopf, →ISBN，第 163 頁:

     Baldridge also showed the "one molecule of blood," usually held to be the stimulus for attracting sharks, to be another common fallacy, since a molecule of blood does not exist.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

衍生詞彙

• apex fallacy
• bandwagon fallacy
• base rate fallacy
• black swan fallacy
• conceptual fallacy
• counterfallacy
• ethnocentric fallacy
• fallacious
• fallacy fallacy
• fallacy of composition
• formal fallacy
• gambler's fallacy
• genetic fallacy
• informal fallacy
• just-world fallacy
• logical fallacy
• ludic fallacy
• masked man fallacy
• Monte Carlo fallacy
• naturalistic fallacy
• nirvana fallacy
• no true Scotsman fallacy
• pathetic fallacy
• sunk costs fallacy
• Texas sharpshooter fallacy
• toupee fallacy

 

相關詞彙

• fail
• fallible

參見

• sophism
• Appendix:Glossary of fallacies

延伸閱讀

• 「fallacy」，Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary，Springfield, Mass.：G. & C. Merriam，1913年，OCLC 800618302
• 「fallacy」，The Century Dictionary […]，New York, N.Y.：The Century Co.，1911，OCLC 867766587
• OneLook 在線詞典 上有關 fallacy 的釋義
• 「fallacy」 in Merriam–Webster Online Dictionary.
• 「fallacy」，The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language [美國傳統英語詞典]，第五版，麻薩諸塞州波士頓：霍頓・米夫林・哈考特，2016，ISBN 978-0-544-45445-3
• 「fallacy」 in the Collins English Dictionary
• 「fallacy」 (US) / 「fallacy」 (UK) in Macmillan English Dictionary.