維基詞典

tabulate

英語

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詞源 1

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Mayor Erika Jansen and Town Councillor Emil Schmidt of Rosenthal in ersberg, Basel-Landschaft, Switzerland, examining a tabulation of the harvesting rates of winter crops in December 1956.[1]

源自table +‎ -ate，[2]對比晚期拉丁語 tabulātus (「有地板的」)，tabulō (「給...安裝木板」)的完成時被動分詞 + -ātus（最終源自原始印歐語 *-eh₂tos (從名詞構成形容詞的後綴，表示擁有某物或某種特質)。tabulō派生自tabula (「木板」)，其詞源不詳。可能源自原始印歐語 *teh₂-（*steh₂- (「站」)的變體） + *-dʰlom（*-trom (構成表示工具的名詞的後綴)的變體）。

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動詞

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tabulate (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 tabulates，現在分詞 tabulating，一般過去時及過去分詞 tabulated)

  1. (及物) 將...匯總成表格
    • 1700, William Leybourn, 「Instrumental Arithmetick. The Third Part. Teaching, by a New Artifice (not heretofore Published, to My Knowledge, in any Language.) The Manner how to Set Down any Decimal Fraction Required: [...] by Certain Scales Contrived, Suitable to the Coins, Weights and Measures Now Used in England. And for the Extracting of the Square and Cube Roots. Also, by Nepair’s Bones [...]」, 出自 Arithmetick, Vulgar, Decimal, Instrumental, Algebraical. In Four Parts, 7th版, London: Printed by J. Matthews, for Awnsham and John Churchill, at the Black-Swan in Pater-Noster-Row, →OCLC, section II (By Nepair’s Bones), subsection IV (How to Apply to Lay Down any Numbers by the Rods), proposition I (Any Number being Given, how to Tabulate or Lay Down the Same by Rods)，第 265 頁:
      Let it be required to Tabulate or lay down this Number 3496. Firſt, from among your Sets of Rods (or out of your Caſe) take four of them, of which let one of them have the Figure 3 at the top thereof, and lay it upon your Tabellet cloſe to the Edge thereof, […]
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    • 1872 January, 「[Official Department. Thirty-eighth annual report.] Report of the President of the Agricultural College」, 出自 J. P. Wickersham 編, The Pennsylvania School Journal: An Educational Magazine, 第 XX 卷, 第 7 期, Lancaster, Pa.: Wylie & Griest, Inquirer Printing House and Bindery, →OCLC，第 226 頁:
      It [the School Department] gives advice and instruction concerning their duties to thirteen thousand school directors and controllers, furnishes them blanks, receives and tabulates their reports, reviews their accounts, judges whether they have kept their schools open according to law, and, if so, pays them the State appropriation for their respecive districts.
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    • 1903年3月25日, G[opal] K[rishna] Gokhale, 引 Edward FitzGerald Law, 「Budget Speech, 1903」, 出自 Speeches of the Honourable Mr. G. K. Gokhale, […], Madras: G[anapathi] A[graharam] Natesan & Co., […], 出版於 [1908], →OCLC，第 62 頁:
      The inevitable deduction from the figures tabulated must be that the material prosperity of the people as a whole is making good progress.
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    • 1924 November, William Hulbert Barrow, 「A General Athletic Ability Test」, 出自 James Huff McCurdy 編, American Physical Education Review, 第 XXIX 卷, 第 9 (number 201 overall) 期, [Springfield, Mass.]: [American Physical Education Association], →OCLC，第 506 頁，第 1 列:
      In addition to the evident needs mentioned above there is also a desire to standardize and tabulate results. The same desire in other fields has given rise to intelligence tests, psychological examinations, etc.
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    • 1974, Allan B. Ellis, 「Common Conceptions about Computers」, 出自 The Use & Misuse of Computers in Education, New York, N.Y.: McGraw-Hill Book Company, →ISBN, part I (What is a Computer?)，第 15 頁:
      [Herman] Hollerith, a statistician for the United States government, was faced with the task of tabulating the figures of the 1890 census at a time when such tabulating would take more than ten years if done by hand. […] Faced with this prospect, Hollerith conceived the idea of representing the census data as holes on punched cards and of building machines that would sort these cards according to the holes they contained and that would tabulate and otherwise analyze the data.
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  2. (及物) 列出
    近義詞：recite；亦參見Thesaurus:tick off
    • 1867, Albert Günther, 「Reptilia」, 出自 Albert C[harles] L[ewis] G[otthilf] Günther 編, The Record of Zoological Literature. 1866, 第 III 卷, London: John Van Voorst、Paternoster Row, →OCLC，第 121–122 頁s:
      Mr. [Edward Drinker] Cope has examined a collection from the territory of Arizona and in the Colorado district; it contained 44 species. […] He tabulates them according to their range into the neighbouring provinces, and points out that, herpetologically, the Sonoran and Lower Californian provinces are nearly as distinct from each other as the Sonoran is from the Central, […]
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    • 1941, R[oberto] Weiss, 章號 II, 出自 Humanism in England during the Fifteenth Century, Oxford: Basil Blackwell, →OCLC，第 35 頁:
      [John] Whethemstede's literary productions show his preference for encyclopedias in which he could tabulate under special headings the limits of his wide reading.
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    • 1955, Vladimir Nabokov, 章號 5, 出自 Lolita, Paris: Olympia Press, →OCLC; 再版 New York, N.Y.: Crest Giant, Fawcett World Library, 1959年12月, →OCLC，第 19 頁:
      You have to be an artist and a madman, […] in order to discern at once, by ineffable signs—the slightly feline outline of a cheekbone, the slenderness of a downy limb, and other indices which despair and shame and tears of tenderness forbid me to tabulate—the little deadly demon among the wholesome children; she stands unrecognized by them and unconscious herself of her fantastic power.
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  3. (及物，蘇格蘭，棄用) 將...登記在官方記錄內
    近義詞：enroll；亦參見Thesaurus:enlist
    • 1687, George Mackenzie of Rosehaugh, 「King James the Fifth, Parl. 5. [Act 52.]」, 出自 Observations on the Acts of Parliament, [...], Edinburgh: Printed by the heir of Andrew Anderson, printer to His Most Sacred Majesty, and are to be sold by Thomas Brown, and other book-sellers, →OCLC，第 134 頁:
      The order of Tabulating Summonds is now much alter'd, for no Summonds are Tabulated except Actions of Declarators, Improbations, Contraventions, and other Actions at the King's Advocats inſtance, […]
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  4. (及物) 使...呈平面
下義詞
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相關詞彙
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tabulate (複數 tabulates)

  1. (藥學，棄用) 藥片
    近義詞：tablet、pill
    • 1596, Philip Barrough [i.e., Philip Barrow], 「Of Electuaries, and Conserues: of Lozenges, and Manus Christi」, 出自 The Method of Phisick, Containing the Cavses, Signes, and Cvres of Inward Diseases in Mans Body, from the Head to the Foote. Whereunto is Added, The Forme and Rule of Making Remedies and Medicines, which Our Physitions Commonly Vse at this Day, with the Proportion, Quantitie, and Names of Each Medicine, 3rd corrected and augmented版, book VII, Imprinted at London: By Richard Field, and are to be sold in Paules Church yard at the signe of the brasen Serpent, →OCLC，第 404–405 頁s:
      ℞. the three kindes of ſaunders, and Diarrhodon Abbatis, ana. ℈. j. the bone of the Hartes heart one in number, ſugar roſate tabulate, or white ſugar diſſolued in roſe water as much as ſufficeth, make an Electuarie, gild it with leaues of pure golde in weight ℥. ß.
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    • 1605, Christopher Wirtzung [i.e. Christof Wirsung], 「Of the Hart, the Most Precious Part of Mans Body」, 出自 Jacob Mosan（譯者）, The General Practise of Physicke: Conteyning All Inward and Outward Parts of the Body, with All the Accidents and Infirmities that are Incident vnto Them, euen from the Crowne of the Head to the Sole of the Foote: [...] in the Germane Tongue, and now Translated into English, in Diuerse Places Corrected, and with Many Additions Illustrated and Augmented, [...], London: [Printed by Richard Field] Impensis [at the expense of] Georg[e] Bishop, →OCLC, § 1 (Of the Fainting of the Hart in Generall. [The Order of Life or Diet for This Faintnes of the Hart.])，第 259 頁:
      A Bad ſtomacke is otherwhiles no ſmall cauſe of this ſwouning, for it procureth before the ſwouning come a heate ouer the whole bodie. As ſoone as this ſhall be perceiued, it is not amiſſe to vſe for it confected Balſam wood, but in the ſtead thereof take Tabulates of Xyloaloe, which are very requiſite for it.
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    • 1834, [Robert Southey], 「Quack and No Quack, being an Account of Dr. Green and His Man Kemp. Popular Medicine, Herbary, Theory of Signatures, William Dove, John Wesley, and Baxter.」, 出自 The Doctor, &c., 第 I 卷, London: Longman, Rees, Orme, Brown, Green and Longman, →OCLC，第 236 頁:
      For all faintness, hot agues, heavy fantasies and imaginations, a cordial was prepared in tabulates, which was called Manus Christi: the true receipt required one ounce of prepared pearls to twelve of fine sugar, boiled with rose water, violet water, cinnamon water, "or howsoever one would have them."
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詞源 2

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Syringopora verticellata, a tabulate (member of Tabulata, an extinct order of corals, etymology 2, noun sense)[3]

Tabulata (「橫板珊瑚亞綱」) +‎ -ate。Tabulata派生自拉丁語 tabulāta，源自tabulātum (「鋪設地面的」)，源自tabula (「木板」) + -tum（源自-tus，最終源自原始印歐語 *-tus (從動詞詞根構成動作名詞的後綴)）。詳見詞源1。這一目名源自珊瑚的形狀tabulae (「平板」)。

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形容詞

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tabulate (無比較級)

  1. (古生物學) 橫板珊瑚亞綱的；有橫隔板的 （指細胞內發達的水平分隔板）
    • 1865, Samuel Haughton, 「Lecture VIII」, 出自 Manual of Geology (Galbraith and Haughton’s Scientific Manuals, Experimental and Natural Science Series), London: Longman, Green, Longman, Roberts, & Green, →OCLC，第 192 頁:
      [W]e find the Zoantharia, in section (1), divided into tabulate and non-tabulate corals. The specimen before us is evidently tabulate, and we therefore follow the reference to section (2), where we find the tabulate corals divided into those with and those without cœnenchyma.
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    • 1868 January, 「American Association for the Advancement of Science」, 出自 David A. P. Watt 編, The Canadian Naturalist and Geologist: A Bi-monthly Journal of Natural Science, Conducted by a Committee of the Natural History Society of Montreal (Second Series), 第 III 卷, 第 4 期, Montreal, Que.: Dawson Brothers, Great St. James Street, →OCLC，第 294–295 頁s:
      On the Zoological Affinities of the Tabulate Corals; by Prof. A. E. Verrill。—The questions discussed in this paper were the position of the tabulate corals among Polyps, and the true value of the tabulate structure in classification. […] Prof. [Addison Emery] Verrill, therefore, concludes that the tabulate structure is of secondary importance as a character, in fixing their affinities, and that the Tabulata must be dismembered,—Halisites, Millepora, and their allies, being classed as Hydroids; and Pocillopora and Favosites with other extinct tabulated genera, as true Polyps.
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    • 1879, H[enry] Alleyne Nicholson, 「Thecidæ and Helioporidæ」, 出自 On the Structure and Affinities of the 「Tabulate Corals」 of the Palæozoic Period: With Critical Descriptions of Illustrative Species, Edinburgh, London: William Blackwood and Sons, →OCLC，第 236 頁:
      The large corallites are tabulate, with indistinctly differentiated walls, provided with obtusely triangular and irregular septa, and having their visceral cavities more or less freely connected with one another by lateral horizontal channels, which penetrate the interstitial tubular tissue.
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衍生詞彙
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tabulate (複數 tabulates)

  1. (古生物學) 橫板珊瑚亞綱動物
    • 2013, Walter M. Goldberg, 「A Brief History of Reefs and Corals」, 出自 The Biology of Reefs and Reef Organisms, Chicago, Ill., London: University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, section 13-2 (An Introduction to Paleozoic Corals)，第 272 頁，第 2 列:
      Both tabulates and rugosans evolved independently as part of the Ordovician Radiation; the tabulates appeared first in the Early Ordovician (~488 Mya), followed by rugosans about 20 My later.
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參考資料

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  1. ↑ Photograph from the collection of the German Federal Archives in Koblenz, Germany.
  2. ↑ 「tabulate」，Lexico，Dictionary.com; Oxford University Press，2019–present年.
  3. ↑ From the collection of the Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano (Milan Natural History Museum) in Milan, Italy.

延伸閱讀

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意大利語

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詞源 1

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動詞

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tabulate

  1. tabulare 的屈折變化形式：
    1. 第二人稱複數現在時直陳式
    2. 第二人稱複數命令式

詞源 2

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分詞

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tabulate f 複

  1. tabulato 的陰性複數

拉丁語

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形容詞

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tabulāte

  1. tabulātus 的呼格陽性單數

西班牙語

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tabulate

  1. tabular 的第二人稱單數voseo命令式與 te 的合詞
取自「https://zh.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=tabulate&oldid=8462138」