wretched

英語

詞源

源自中古英語 wrecched (「經歷悲慘的；可悲的，不幸的，不高興的；貧困的；低賤的；可憐的人」) [以及其他形式]，源自wrecche (「經歷悲慘的；可悲的，不幸的，不高興的；貧困的；低賤的；可鄙的，惡劣的，邪惡的；小氣的；無足輕重的」)（源自晚期古英語 wrecc，源自古英語 wreċċa (「被驅逐者」)，最終源自原始印歐語 *wreg- (「跟；獵」)） + -ed (構成形容詞的後綴)。 英語詞可作wretch (已棄用形容詞，與本詞同義) +‎ -ed (構成形容詞的後綴)分析。

發音

• (標準英音) 國際音標^(幫助): /ˈɹɛt͡ʃɪd/
• (通用美式) 國際音標^(幫助): /ˈɹɛt͡ʃəd/

• （通用美式）音頻：

  (檔案)

• 斷字：wretch‧ed

形容詞

wretched (比較級 wretcheder 或 more wretched，最高級 wretchedest 或 most wretched)

1. 悲慘的，可悲的，不幸的

   近義詞：dejected、(古舊或棄用) wretchful；亦參見Thesaurus:lamentable, Thesaurus:sad

   I felt wretched after my wife died.

   我妻子死了以後我痛不欲生。

   • Template:RQ:Whetstone Rocke of Regard
   • Template:RQ:Shakespeare As You Like It
   • Template:RQ:Beaumont Fletcher Comedies and Tragedies
   • Template:RQ:Thomson Autumn
   • Template:RQ:Radcliffe Udolpho
   • Template:RQ:Southey Joan of Arc
   • Template:RQ:Gorky Shirazi Creatures
   • 2011年4月11日, Phil McNulty, 「Liverpool 3 – 0 Man City」, 出自 BBC Sport‎^[1]，2023-01-27歸檔自原頁面:

     Mario Balotelli replaced [Carlos] Tevez but his contribution was so negligible that he suffered the indignity of being substituted himself as time ran out, a development that encapsulated a wretched 90 minutes for City and boss Roberto Mancini。

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

2. 低賤的，卑微的

   The street was full of wretched beggars dressed in rags.

   整條街都是衣衫襤褸的低賤乞丐。

   • Template:RQ:Bunyan Pilgrim's Progress
   • Template:RQ:Dickens Christmas Carol
   • Template:RQ:Carlyle Friedrich
   • Template:RQ:Dostoevsky Hogarth Underworld
   • Template:RQ:Dostoevsky Garnett White Nights
   • Template:RQ:Maxwell Mirror and the Lamp
3. 無足輕重的，微不足道的

   近義詞：trifling；亦參見Thesaurus:insignificant

   • 1922 February, James Joyce, 「[Episode 16: Eumaeus]」, 出自 Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC, part III [Nostos]，第 598 頁:

     All those wretched quarrels, in his humble opinion, stirring up bad blood – bump of combativeness or gland of some kind, erroneously supposed to be about a punctilio of honour and a flag, – were very largely a question of the money question which was at the back of everything, greed and jealousy, people never knowing when to stop.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

4. 可鄙的，邪惡的，惡劣的

   近義詞：參見Thesaurus:despicable

   • Template:RQ:De Quevedo L'Estrange Visions
5. (指天氣) 討厭的，不好的，令人不舒心的
6. (非正式) 討厭的，該死的 （表達某事物令自己討厭）

   近義詞：damned、bloody、blasted、bleeding

   Will you please stop playing that wretched trombone!

   你能不能別吹你的破長號了。

衍生詞彙

• wretchedly
• wretchedness

相關詞彙

• ratchet (形容詞)
• wretch
• wretchful (古舊或棄用)
• wretchlessly (棄用)
• wretchlessness (棄用)
• wretchless (棄用)
• wretchock (英國方言)

 

詞語搭配

和名詞

• wretched animal
• wretched being
• wretched city
• wretched condition
• wretched creature
• wretched excess
• wretched health
• wretched hive
• wretched hole
• wretched house
• wretched life
• wretched man
• wretched person
• wretched place
• wretched situation
• wretched slave
• wretched state
• wretched town
• wretched village
• wretched weather
• wretched woman
• wretched world

延伸閱讀

• 「wretched」，The Century Dictionary […]，New York, N.Y.：The Century Co.，1911，OCLC 867766587
• 「wretched」，Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary，Springfield, Mass.：G. & C. Merriam，1913年，OCLC 800618302
• Douglas Harper (2001–2024年)，「wretched」，《線上詞源詞典》（Online Etymology Dictionary）