维基词典

pig

參見：PIG 和 Pig

英语

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英語維基百科有一篇文章關於：
維基百科 en
维基物种上有信息关于：
 
Domestic pigs (Sus domesticus)
家猪

词源 1

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源自中古英語 pigge (“小猪”)（原指小猪，年长猪是swyn），多半源自古英語 *picga（仅可考于picgbrēad (“猪饲料”)等复合词中），源自原始西日耳曼語 *piggō、*puggō (“小猪”)。对比中古荷蘭語 pogge、puggen、pigge、pegsken (“猪崽”)、中古低地德語 pugge、pûke (“猪崽”)。本词使用于体重快速增加的动物幼崽，所以其可能是源自动词“to big”，源自中古英語 biggen、byggen，源自古諾爾斯語 byggja、byggva (“建造”)，源自原始日耳曼語 *būwijaną (“建造”)，源自原始印歐語 *bʰuH- (“成为，成长为”)。Pokorny认为词根与*bū-、*bew- (“肿，胀”)有关，以解释“pig”和“big”之间的互换关系。

有时有人指出其与早期现代荷蘭語 bigge（现代big (“猪崽”)）、西弗里斯蘭語 bigge (“猪崽”)和中古低地德語的相似词有关，但是“发音难以解释”[1]。一些文献指出这些词“多半无关”[2]，其他人认为这一联系“有可能，但无法确定”。[3]

指“警察”的俚语义至晚自1785年起可考[4]。

发音

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名词

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pig (可數 和 不可數，複數 pigs)

  1. 猪，尤指家猪（Sus domesticus）
    近義詞：參見Thesaurus:pig
    The man kept a pen with two pigs that he fed everything from carrots to cabbage.
    （請為本使用例添加中文翻譯）
  2. (狹義) 猪崽 (与hog (“成年猪”))
    • 2005 April, Live Swine from Canada, Investigation No. 731-TA-1076 (Final), publication 3766, April 2005, U.S. International Trade Commission ISBN 1457819899, page I-9:
      Weanlings grow into feeder pigs, and feeder pigs grow into slaughter hogs. […] Ultimately the end use for virtually all pigs and hogs is to be slaughtered for the production of pork and other products.
  3. (不可數) 猪肉
    Some religions prohibit their adherents from eating pig.
    （請為本使用例添加中文翻譯）
    • 2005, Ross Eddy Osborn, Thorns of a Tainted Rose, →ISBN，第 196 頁:
      "Miss Chastene, could you fetch me out an extra plate of pig and biscuit. My partner can't do without your marvelous cooking."
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
  4. (不可數) 淡粉色 （家猪皮的颜色）
    pig： 
    • 2019, Bee Smith, Queen Bee's Party
      So far on the streets there's been a lot of metallic pink (the kind of pink as in the shade of pig you get, and this is exactly the shade of the diary I've been writing in) […]
  5. (貶義，俚語) 猪 （吃东西又快又大声的人）
    近義詞：參見Thesaurus:glutton
    You gluttonous pig! Now that you've eaten all the cupcakes, there will be none for the party!
    你这头猪怎么吃那么多！你把所有纸杯蛋糕都吃完了，聚会的时候没得吃了！
  6. (貶義，俚語) 淫荡好色的男人
    She considered him a pig as he invariably stared at her bosom when they talked.
    她觉得他是一个好色之徒，因为他和她说话时总是盯着她的胸部。
  7. (貶義，俚語) 邋遢的人
    He was a pig and his apartment a pigpen; take-away containers and pizza boxes in a long, moldy stream lined his counter tops.
    他非常邋遢，公寓里像个猪圈，里面外卖的盒子和披萨盒散在长长的长满霉的台面上。
  8. (貶義) 猪 （很胖的人）
    近義詞：參見Thesaurus:fat person
  10. (現主要用於美國，英國，澳大利亞，貶義，俚語) 条子，警察 （源自1785年前）
    近義詞：參見Thesaurus:police officer
    The protester shouted, “Don't give in to the pigs!” as he was arrested.
    （請為本使用例添加中文翻譯）
    • 1971, Gil Scott-Heron （作曲作詞）, “The Revolution Will Not Be Televised”:
      There will be no pictures of pigs shooting down brothers on the instant replay
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
    • 1989, Dan Simmons, Carrion Comfort, page 359,
      “...Sounds too easy,” Marvin was saying. “What about the pigs?”
      He meant police.
    • 1990, Jay Robert Nash, Encyclopedia of World Crime: Volume 1: A-C, page 198,
      The bank robberies went on and each raid became more bloody, Meinhof encouraging her followers to “kill the pigs” offering the slightest resistance, referring to policemen.
    • 2008, Frank Kusch, Battleground Chicago: The Police and the 1968 Democratic National Convention, page 63,
      Backing 300 of the more aggressive protesters was a supporting cast of several thousand more who stared down the small line of police. Those in front resumed their taunts of “Pig, pig, fascist pig,” and “pigs eat shit, pigs eat shit.” The rest of the crowd, however, backed off and sat down on the grass when reinforcements arrived. Police did not retaliate for the name-calling, and within minutes the line of demonstrators broke apart and the incident was over without violence.113
    • 2011, T. J. English, The Savage City: Race, Murder and a Generation on the Edge, unnumbered page,
      But me, I joined the party to fight the pigs. That′s why I joined. Because my experience with the police was always negative.
    • 2017, “All This”, 演出者 Mayhem (Uptop):
      Got a mind for the undies
      I'm tryna stay far from the pigs
      （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）
  11. (非正式) 难题，棘手的问题
    Hrm... this one's a real pig: I've been banging my head against the wall over it for hours!
    嗯...这个问题真的有点严重了：我把头靠在墙上冥思苦想了好久！
  12. (可數和不可數) 铸块，锭
    The conveyor carried the pigs from the smelter to the freight cars.
    传送带将铸块从锻造炉送至车皮。
    After the ill-advised trade, the investor was stuck with worthless options for 10,000 tons of iron pig.
    （請為本使用例添加中文翻譯）
  13. 铸造模子
    The pig was cracked, and molten metal was oozing from the side.
    （請為本使用例添加中文翻譯）
  14. 容纳放射性废料的铅制容器
    • 2015, Tom Clynes, The Boy Who Played with Fusion (page 36)
      Taylor also bought a pig—a radiation-shielding container made of thick lead—to stash the most radioactive materials in.
    • 2015, Adrianne Dill Linton, Introduction to Medical-Surgical Nursing (page 394)
      Forceps and a lead container (called a pig) that are routinely placed in the room are used to retrieve and contain the source.
  15. (工程學) 清管器
    Unfortunately, the pig sent to clear the obstruction got lodged in a tight bend, adding to the problem.
    （請為本使用例添加中文翻譯）
  16. (美國，軍事，俚語) M60机关枪
    Unfortunately, the M60 is about twenty-four pounds and is very unbalanced. You try carrying the pig around the jungle and see how you feel.
    （請為本使用例添加中文翻譯）
  17. (不可數) 本詞語需要翻譯為漢語。請協助添加，並移除{{rfdef}}模板。Module:Parameters第573行Lua错误：Parameter 1 should be a valid language or etymology language code; the value "A simple dice game in which players roll the dice as many times as they like, either accumulating a greater score or losing previous points gained." is not valid. See WT:LOL and WT:LOL/E.
  18. (英國，俚語，棄用) 六便士硬币
    近義詞：sow's baby
下义词
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衍生词汇
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名词“pig”的派生词汇
派生語彙
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  • 托雷斯海峽克里奧爾語: pig
  • 托克皮辛語: pik
  • → 阿貝納基語: piks (源自pigs)
  • → 馬里希特-帕薩瑪奎迪語: piks (源自pigs)

动词

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pig (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 pigs，現在分詞 pigging，一般過去時及過去分詞 pigged)

  1. (指豬) 生崽
    The black sow pigged at seven this morning.
    黑猪在今早七点下崽了。
  2. (不及物) 狼吞虎咽
    They were pigging on the free food at the bar.
    他们在酒吧大吃特吃免费食物。
    • 2009, Thomas Pynchon, Inherent Vice, Vintage 2010, page 349:
      "Wow, Doc. That's heavy." Denis sat there pigging on the joint as usual.
  3. (不及物) （像猪一样）挤、靠在一起
  4. (不及物) 拥挤、不整洁地同居
  5. (及物，工程學) 用清管器清洁

词源 2

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未知。见piggin。

名词

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pig (複數 pigs)

  1. (蘇格蘭) 陶器或陶片
  2. 一种暖床用的陶制热水罐
衍生词汇
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参考资料

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  1. ↑ A new English dictionary on historical principles
  2. ↑ “pig”，Dictionary.com Unabridged，Dictionary.com, LLC，1995–present
  3. ↑ M. Philippa: "Big". In: Etymologisch Woordenboek van het Nederlands, 2003-09.
  4. ↑ 2003, Victoria Fromkin, Robert Rodman, Nina M. Hyams, An Introduction to Language, page 474 — Similarly, the use of the word pig for “policeman” goes back at least as far as 1785, when a writer of the time called a Bow Street police officer a “China Street pig.”

异序词

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丹麦语

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词源

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源自古諾爾斯語 pík，源自原始日耳曼語 *pīkaz, *pikkaz，与英語 pike同源。pik 的同源對似詞。

发音

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名词

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pig c (定单数 piggen，不定复数 pigge)

  1. 尖刺
  2. 倒钩
  3. 刺毛，棘刺
  4. 刺

变格

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pig 的变格
通性 单数 复数
不定 定 不定 定
主格
与格
宾格 		pig piggen pigge piggene
属格 pigs piggens pigges piggenes

低地苏格兰语

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词源

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源自中古英語 pigge、pygge，源自古英語 *picga (“小猪”)，参见英語 pig。

“罐子”一意源自中古英語 pygg，可能是其引申义。

名词

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pig (複數 pigs)

  1. 猪
  2. 罐子，陶罐

衍生词汇

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托雷斯海峡克里奥尔语

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词源

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源自英語 pig。

名词

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pig

  1. 猪
    近義詞：pwaka

威尔士语

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Gwylan â'i phig ar led

词源

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可能源自中古英語 pyke (“尖端”)。与布列塔尼語 beg同源。

发音

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名词

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pig f (複數 pigau)

  1. 喙
  2. 尖端
  3. 喷嘴

衍生词汇

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辅音变化

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pig的輔音變化形式
原形 濁化 鼻音化 清音化
pig big mhig phig

注：有些詞的輔音變化形式並不存在於標準威爾士語。
表格中給出的是所有理論上存在的輔音變化形式。

延伸阅读

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R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present年)， “pig”，Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (Welsh)，University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

来自“https://zh.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=pig&oldid=7526824”