asshole

参见：ass hole

英语

词源 1

早期形式arsehole的变体，源自中古英语 arshole、arcehoole，等价于ass +‎ hole。同源词包括挪威语 rasshøl (“屁眼”)、瑞典语 arsle (“屁眼”)。亦对比德语 Arschloch (“屁眼，混蛋”)。自14世纪70年代起可考，取代了早期古英语 earsþyrel (“肛门”, 字面意思是“屁股的洞”)。中古英语中最初的记录作ers hole (Glouc. Cath. Manuscript 19. No. I., dated 1379, cited after OED)、ars-hole (Bodleian Ashmole MS. 1396, dated ca. 1400, ed. Robert Von Fleischhacker as Lanfrank's "Science of Cirurgie", EETS 102, 1894, cited after OED.)

俚语比喻用法可追溯回20世纪，当时，20世纪20年代，用于指让人讨厌的地方（对比shithole），然后至晚在20世纪50年代用来指让人讨厌的人(Harvard Advocate 137, March 1954)。也有同位用法（如“You're an asshole moralist”, T. Chamales, 1957）。

其他形式

• ass hole
• arsehole (英国，澳大利亚，纽芬兰，新西兰，爱尔兰，加拿大)
• basshole (bowdlerization)

发音

• (美国) 国际音标^(帮助): /ˈæsˌhoʊl/

• （美国）音频：

  (档案)

名词

asshole (复数 assholes) (美国)

1. (粗俗) 屁眼
   • 1910, “Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of the State of New York Third Department”, 出自 Google Books‎^[1], retrieved 2014-07-27:

     She said she couldn't wiggle when she had the doorknob in her asshole.

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

   • 1954, Ira Wolfert, An Act of Love: A Completely Retold Version of the Novel, →OCLC，第 54 页:

     'You talk as if you were born without an asshole,' he cried to Commander Semmes.

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

2. (粗俗，贬义) 混蛋，混球，傻屄，狗东西
   • 1965, Jan Cremer, 译者 R. E. WyngaardandAlexander Trocchi, I, Jan Cremer, →OCLC，第 78 页:

     He philosophised all day about Morandi, Klee, Miró and Picasso, and was such an asshole that he spelled "cunt" with a "d".

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

3. (粗俗，引申义，常作同位修饰词) 讨厌的事物
   • 1976, Felix Goodson, Sweet Salt, →ISBN，第 254 页:

     You oughta have better sense than to trust anyone with anything in this asshole place.

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

   • 1979, Ronald Sukenick, Long Talking Bad Conditions Blues, →ISBN，第 83 页:

     ... but when he started bugging the bartender to shut the asshole TV off because he wanted to have a serious discussion...

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

用法说明

• asshole是美式英语形式，对应的英式英语形式为arsehole。
• 指人作贬义词时，粗俗程度和语气不如fucker或cunt。尽管本质上是中性词，但一般指男性，指女性时一般使用特指性别的bitch等词。

近义词

• (讨厌的人)： jerk
• (讨厌的人)： dick
• 参见Thesaurus:anus、Thesaurus:jerk或Thesaurus:pleasant的反义词。

衍生词汇

• assholed
• assholedom
• assholehood
• assholery
• assholey
• assholic
• assholism
• Masshole
• rip someone a new asshole
• tear someone a new asshole

 

相关词汇

• (混蛋)： dumbass、assclown、asshat

参考资料

• Geoffrey Nunberg, Ascent of the A-Word: Assholism, the First Sixty Years, 2012, ISBN 978-1-61039175-7

词源 2

源自低地苏格兰语 ass、asse或ash +‎ hole。

其他形式

• esshole

名词

asshole (复数 assholes)

1. (弃用，苏格兰和北英格兰) 装灰的洞
   • 1775, Tim Bobbin [John Collier], The Miscellaneous Works of Tim Bobbin, Esq., →OCLC，第 68 页:

     Esshole, Asshole, the hole under the fire to hold ashes.

     （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

低地苏格兰语

词源

源自ass, asse (“灰烬”)和hole。

名词

asshole (复数 assholes)

1. (弃用) 装灰的洞

参考资料

• John Jamieson, An etymological dictionary of the Scottish language: in which the words are explained in their different senses, authorized by the names of the writers by whom they are used, or the titles of the works in which they occur, and deduced from their originals, 1818