维基词典

couth

英语

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发音

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词源 1

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源自中古英语 cǒuth (“熟悉的，知道的；显然的，真实的；著名的；文雅的，文质彬彬的”)，源自古英语 cūþ (“熟悉的，知道的；显而易见的；著名的；很好的；友好的；有关的”)，cunnan (“熟悉，知道；知道，了解，会，能够”)的过去分词[1][2]，源自原始日耳曼语 *kunnaną (“熟悉，知道，分辨；会，能够”)（对比*kunþaz (“知道的，已知的”)），最终源自原始印欧语 *ǵneh₃- (“知道”)。同源词包括荷兰语 kond (“已知的”)、萨特弗里斯兰语 cut (“已知的”)、哥特语 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃 (kunþs, “已知的”)、冰岛语 kuður、kunnur (“已知的”)、拉丁语 gnosco (“知道”)、古高地德语 kund、chund、chunt、中古高地德语 kunt （现代德语 kund (“知道的”)）、古撒克逊语 kūth、cûth、cuð (“为人所知的；著名的”)、低地苏格兰语 couth (“熟悉的，知道的”)[1]。且是could 的同源对似词。

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couth (比较级 more couth，最高级 most couth)

  1. (弃用) 熟悉的，知道的；著名的
    反义词：(弃用) uncouth
  2. (苏格兰) couthie的变体
    1. 宜人的，恰当的，适合的
    2. 舒适的
      • 2012, La’Vez Robinson Sr., “Deutschland”, 出自 On My Own: Putting the Past behind Me, [Bloomington, Ind.]: Xlibris, →ISBN，第 203 页:
        Squad leaders were responsible for doing periodic checks to make sure soldiers were living a couth lifestyle, as Joes would compete regularly to see whose room was nicer.
        （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

词源 2

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uncouth 的逆构词。

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couth (比较级 more couth，最高级 most couth)

  1. 有教养的，文雅的，礼貌的
    反义词：uncouth
    • 1943, Henry Sturmey, H. Walter Staner, The Autocar: A Journal Published in the Interests of the Mechanically Propelled Road Carriage, 第 88 卷, London: Iliffe, Sons & Sturney, →OCLC，第 632 页，第 3 列:
      So Dennis May thrilled me in a recent issue when he described Raymond Mays' 1939 E.R.A. racer as a "couth" little Merc-like model.
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
    • 1991, John Percival 编, Dance and Dancers, London: Dance & Dancers Ltd., →ISSN, →OCLC，第 37 页:
      Yet the dancers are beautiful, their cool movement has a couth simplicity, and there are moments when a gesture of almost absolute beauty stands transfixed in some transom of sublime comprehension.
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
    • 2010年2月7日, “Sir John Dankworth [obituary]”, 出自 Tony Gallagher 编, The Daily Telegraph‎[1], London: Telegraph Media Group, →ISSN, →OCLC，于24 January 2019归档自原页面:
      [John] Dankworth's care over the shaping and presentation of his music led occasionally to complaints that it was clever, lightweight stuff, lacking the rough passion which many regarded as the mark of authentic jazz, a view summed up by the critic Kitty Grime in the much-quoted phrase "couth, kempt and shevelled".
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

名词

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couth (通常不可数，复数 couths)

  1. 礼仪，礼貌，教养，文雅
    That man has no couth.
    那个人没礼貌。
    • 1995, Ben[jamin] J[oseph] Wattenberg, “Those Darn Cultural Issues”, 出自 Values Matter Most: How Democrats or Republicans or a Third Party Can Win and Renew the American Way of Life, Washington, D.C.: Regnery Publishing, →ISBN, part 2 (What It’s Not)，第 107 页:
      There is an aspect of the cultural conservative argument that sometimes drifts dangerously close to tha view, elitist to the core, as elitist as the New Class, as elitist as limousine liberalism: The public ain't got no couth. You can hear those old-fashioned elitist wheels spinning: Maybe we need a few government regulations to deal with the couth shortage.
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
    • 2004, W[illiam] Bruce Cameron, “How to Increase a Man’s Couth”, 出自 How to Remodel a Man: Tips and Techniques on Accomplishing Something You Know Is Impossible but Want to Try Anyway, New York, N.Y.: St. Martin’s Press, →ISBN; 再版为 How to Remodel a Man: You Know It’s Impossible but You Want to Try Anyway, London: HarperCollins, 2005, →ISBN，第 62 页:
      My daughters have long and inappropriately been members of the Committee to Reform Dad's Hygiene, taking me to task for my supposed lack of couth.
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
    • 2005, Heidi Munan, Culture Shock!: Malaysia: A Survival Guide to Customs and Etiquette (Culture Shock!), Portland, Or.: Graphics Art Center Pub. Co., →ISBN，第 86 页:
      Couth and manners are intensely subjective concepts. Each culture has its own standards of acceptable table manners, for instance.
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
    • 2006, Mark Powell, Blood Kin: A Novel, Knoxville, Tenn.: University of Tennessee Press, →ISBN，第 97 页:
      You got no couth, Ed. You was raised no-count is what you were. No count and you ain't got a lick of couth.
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
  2. (罕用) 有礼貌的人，有教养的人
    • [1967, Bernice Fitz-Gibbon, Macy’s, Gimbels, and Me: How to Earn $90,000 a Year in Retail Advertising, New York, N.Y.: Simon and Schuster, →OCLC，第 91 页:
      We transformed the uncouths into couths, the unkempts into kempts, the inerts into erts! We did it all by speaking to teen-agers on their own terms and in their own language.
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
      Note: Likely to be a nonce use.]
    • 1968 November, “C. R. Terror”, 出自 Richard L. Anderson 编, The MAC Flyer (USAF Recurring Publication; 62-5), 第 XV 卷, 第 11 期, Scott Air Force Base, Ill.: Directorate of Safety, Headquarters Military Airlift Command, →ISSN, →OCLC，第 28 页，第 1 列:
      I'm going to hit that "Gulf of Texas" beach with a bundle of couths and suaves because those Texas gals that hang around the big shrimp boats are used to good living.
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

参考资料

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 “couth, adj. (and n.1)”，OED Online  ⁠，Oxford, Oxfordshire：Oxford University Press，1893年
  2. ↑ “cǒuth, adj. (& n.)” in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 27 November 2018.

异序词

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中古英语

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形容词

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couth

  1. 为人所知的，熟悉的；著名的
检索自“https://zh.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=couth&oldid=8461925”