voluntas

伊多语

动词

voluntas

1. voluntar的现在时

拉丁语

词源

派生自古现在分词词干 *welont- + -(t)ās。参见volēns (“愿意的”)、后古典词汇volentia (“意志，意愿”)。

发音

• (古典拉丁语) 国际音标^(帮助)：/u̯oˈlun.taːs/, [u̯ɔˈɫ̪ʊn̪t̪äːs̠]
• (教会拉丁语) 国际音标^(帮助)：/voˈlun.tas/, [voˈlun̪t̪äs]

名词

voluntās f (属格 voluntātis); 第三类变格

1. 意志，选择
   • 100 BCE – 44 BCE, Julius Caesar, Commentarii de Bello Gallico 1.44:

     Si iterum experiri velint, se iterum paratum esse decertare; si pace uti velint, iniquum esse de stipendio recusare, quod sua voluntate ad id tempus pependerint.

     如果他们愿意重新再试一下，他也准备再作一次决战；要是他们愿意和平，按道理说，就得缴纳贡赋，他们不是到今天还自愿缴纳吗？

2. 意愿，希望
3. 意向
4. 喜欢，喜爱
5. 遗愿
6. 意图，打算
7. 含义，意思

变格

第三类变格名词。

格	单数	复数
主格	voluntās	voluntātēs
属格	voluntātis	voluntātum
与格	voluntātī	voluntātibus
宾格	voluntātem	voluntātēs
夺格	voluntāte	voluntātibus
呼格	voluntās	voluntātēs

相关词汇

• volō
• voluntāriē
• voluntārius

派生语汇

• 阿尔巴尼亚语: vullnet
• 巴斯克语: borondate
• 达尔马提亚语: voluntuot
• 英语: volunty
• 弗留利语: volontât
• 意大利语: voluntà, volontà
• 拉登语: veluntad, ulentà
• 利古里亚语: voentæ, vuluntà

• 古法语: volonté, voulonté, volunté, voulunté, volenté
  • 法语: volonté
• 古奥克语: volontat
  • 古加泰罗尼亚语: volentat
    • 加泰罗尼亚语: voluntat
  • 奥克语: volontat
• 古葡萄牙语: voontade
  • 葡萄牙语: vontade
• 皮埃蒙特语: voluntà
• 罗曼什语: voluntad, volunted, voluntà
• 撒丁语: bolontade, boluntadi, volontade
• 西班牙语: voluntad

参考资料

• voluntas in Charlton T. Lewis & Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1879
• “voluntas”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• voluntas在Charles du Fresne du Cange的Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition, 1883–1887)
• voluntas在Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français (拉丁语-法语详解词典), Hachette中的内容
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • when life runs smoothly: in rebus prosperis et ad voluntatem fluentibus
    
  • to find favour with some one; to get into their good graces: benevolentiam, favorem, voluntatem alicuius sibi conciliare or colligere (ex aliqua re)
    
  • to look favourably upon; to support: propenso animo, studio esse or propensa voluntate esse in aliquem (opp. averso animo esse ab aliquo)
    
  • to accomodate oneself to another's wishes: se conformare, se accommodare ad alicuius voluntatem
    
  • to accomodate oneself to another's wishes: alicuius voluntati morem gerere
    
  • to become estranged, alienated from some one: voluntatemor animum alicuius a se abalienare, aliquem a se abalienare or alienare
    
  • to satisfy a person's wishes: voluntati alicuius satisfacere, obsequi
    
  • a good conscience: conscientia recta, recte facti (factorum), virtutis, bene actae vitae, rectae voluntatis
    
  • the last wishes of a deceased person: alicuius mortui voluntas (suprema)
    
  • the spirit of the law: sententia or voluntas legis
    
  • unpopularity: offensa populi voluntas
    
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, ISBN 0195083458
• Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [印欧语词源词典] (德语), 卷III, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, 页1137