perforce

英語

詞源

源自中古英語 par force，源自盎格魯-諾曼語，源自古法語 par force (「by force」)。

發音

• (英國) 國際音標^(幫助): /pəˈfɔːs/
• (通用美式) 國際音標^(幫助): /pɚˈfɔɹs/

• 音頻 (美國)：

  (檔案)

• 韻部：-ɔː(ɹ)s

副詞

perforce (不可比)

1. (古舊) 強迫
   • Template:RQ:Shakespeare Richard 3
   • Template:RQ:Shakespeare Tempest
2. 必然，無論如何
   • Template:RQ:Austen Pride and Prejudice
   • 1882, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, Inferno, canto 34:

     "Keep fast thy hold, for by such stairs as these,"
     The Master said, panting as one fatigued,
     "Must we perforce depart from so much evil."

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 1922 February, James Joyce, 「[Episode 16]」, 出自 Ulysses, Paris: Shakespeare and Company, […], →OCLC:

     So, bevelling around by Mullett's and the Signal House which they shortly reached, they proceeded perforce in the direction of Amiens street railway terminus

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 1939 July, John D. Hewitt, 「Some Notable British Main Lines: 1. Settle and Carlisle, L.M.S.R.」, 出自 Railway Magazine，第 35 頁:

     Accordingly work perforce had to be begun. The first sod was cut at Anley, near Settle, in November, 1869, [...].

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 2006, Alejandro Portes, Rubén G. Rumbaut, Immigrant America: A Portrait, 3rd版，第 239 頁:

     Adult immigrants must perforce learn some English, and their children are likely to become English monolinguals.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

   • 2013年1月8日, European Court of Human Rights, A.K. and L. v. Croatia‎^[1], 第 37956/11 期, marginal 62–63:

     The central issue in this case is whether the procedures followed respected the applicants’ family life or constituted an interference with the exercise of the right to respect for family life which could not be justified as necessary in a democratic society. […] It is true that Article 8 contains no explicit procedural requirements, but this is not conclusive of the matter. The relevant considerations to be weighed by a local authority in reaching decisions on children in its care must perforce include the views and interests of the natural parents.

     （請為本引文添加中文翻譯）

引用

• 有關使用本詞的更多用例，請參閱Citations:perforce。

動詞

perforce (第三人稱單數簡單現在時 perforces，現在分詞 perforcing，一般過去時及過去分詞 perforced)

1. 〈舊〉 強制；強迫