维基词典

patient

参见：Patient 和 patiënt

英语

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词源

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源自中古英语 pacient，源自中古法语 patient，源自古法语 pacient，源自拉丁语 patiens，patior (“受苦；忍耐”)的现在分词，源自原始印欧语 *peh₁- (“恨；伤”)。

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  • 国际音标(帮助): /ˈpeɪʃənt/
  • （正统英式）音频：(档案)
  • （通用美式）音频：(档案)
  • 韵部：-eɪʃənt
  • 断字：pa‧tient

形容词

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patient (比较级 patienter 或 more patient，最高级 patientest 或 most patient)

  1. (指人) 有耐心的
    Be patient: your friends will arrive in a few hours.
    耐心点，你朋友过几个小时就来了。
  2. 耐心的，坚持的，持之以恒的
    patient endeavour
    持之以恒的努力
    a patient wait
    耐心的等候
    patient analysis
    耐心的分析
    • c. 1692, Sir Isaac Newton, letter to Dr. Richard Bentley
      Whatever I have done […] is due to […] patient thought.
    • December 15, 2016, Hettie Judah in the New York Times, Beloved Children’s-Book Characters, in Their Own Immersive World
      “Her personal life and her art were very intertwined: You can’t really separate them,” explains Sophia Jansson. “She mirrored her own a reality onto a fictional reality.” And this is perhaps the nub of the Moomin’s enduring appeal: a combination of adventuresome spirit and philosophy, all of which Jansson derived from close and patient observation, of human relationships and of the natural world alike.
    • 2022年12月14日, David Turner, “The Edwardian Christmas getaway...”, 出自 RAIL, 第 972 期，第 35 页:
      In contrast, the Westminster Gazette in 1912 was much more positive about railway staff, praising the "...army of porters hustling and bustling hither and thither with barrows groaning under the weight of bags and baggage and... the ever-patient and long-suffering guards, courteously giving information and advice to the querulous passengers... to the porter the Christmas season means a continuous round of heavy labour, extremely tiring to both nerves and temper, and this fact the public too often seem either to forget or ignore."
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
  3. (弃用) 耐性强的，体质顽强的
    • 1661, John Fell, “Doctor Henry Hammond”, 出自 Christopher Wordsworth 编, Ecclesiastical Biography, 第 5 卷, 出版于 1810，第 380 页:
      To this outward structure was joined that strength of constitution, patient of severest toil and hardship; insomuch that for the most part of his life, in the fiercest extremity of cold, he took no other advantage of a fire, than at the greatest distance that he could, to look upon it.
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

近义词

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反义词

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patient (复数 patients)

  1. 患者，接受治疗的人或动物
    • Template:RQ:Maxwell Mirror and the Lamp
    • 2013年6月1日, “A better waterworks”, 出自 The Economist‎[1], 第 407 卷, 第 8838 期，第 5 (Technology Quarterly) 页:
      An artificial kidney these days still means a refrigerator-sized dialysis machine. Such devices mimic […] real kidneys […] 。But they are nothing like as efficient, and can cause bleeding, clotting and infection—not to mention inconvenience for patients, who typically need to be hooked up to one three times a week for hours at a time.
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
  3. (语言学，语法) 受动者 （接受动作的语法对象）
    The subject of a passive verb is usually a patient.
    被动动词的主语通常为受动者。
    • 1982, Paul J. Hopper, Tense-aspect: Between Semantics & Pragmatics, →ISBN:
      The number of a first or second person participant is generally marked for both agent and patient in all aspects.
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
    • 2004, Paul Kroeger, Analyzing Syntax: A Lexical-Functional Approach, →ISBN，第 292 页:
      Since we have argued that the absolutive argument in Dyirbal is the grammatical subject of its clause, we must conclude that in the antipassive construction the agent replaces the patient as grammatical subject.
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
  4. 接受者，受影响者
    • c. 1658, Dr. Henry More, Government of the Tongue:
      Malice is a passion so impetuous and precipitate, that it often involves the agent and the patient.
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
    • 1988, Sarah Waterlow, Sarah Broadie, Nature, Change, and Agency in Aristotle's Physics, →ISBN，第 159 页:
      For it seems clear that the subject of change is the changed, i.e. the patient -- on one proviso. the proviso is that there be an agent or changer.
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
    • 1994, Larry Cochran, Joan Laub, Becoming an Agent: Patterns and Dynamics for Shaping Your Life, →ISBN:
      How does a person change from a patient to an agent in shaping and living a course of life?
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
    • 1999, Lloyd P. Gerson, Aristotle: Logic and metaphysics, →ISBN，第 127 页:
      According to the tradition, when an agent acts on a patient, the change is located in the patient. If the patient reacts on the agent, then the agent is a patient in the new relation.
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）
    • 2010, Mohua Banerjee, Anil Seth, Logic and Its Applications: Fourth Indian Conference, ICLA 2011, →ISBN，第 7 页:
      The starting point is that all events involve an agent and a patient. Agents and patients are modelled as (material or non-material) objects, and can therefore be represented as points in conceptual spaces.
      （请为本引文添加中文翻译）

反义词

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  • (语言学，动作)： agent (“施动者”)

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延伸阅读

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异序词

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丹麦语

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丹麦语维基百科有一篇文章关于：
维基百科 da

词源

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源自拉丁语 patiēns (“受苦的”)，patior (“受苦”)的现在主动分词。

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patient c (定单数 patienten，不定复数 patienter)

  1. 患者，接受治疗的人或动物

变格

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patient 的变格
通性 单数 复数
不定 定 不定 定
主格
与格
宾格 		patient patienten patienter patienterne
属格 patients patientens patienters patienternes

衍生词汇

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派生词

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参考资料

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法语

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继承自中古法语 patient，源自古法语 patient，借自拉丁语 patientem。

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patient (阴性 patiente，阳性复数 patients，阴性复数 patientes)

  1. 耐心的；有耐心的
    反义词：impatient

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patient m (复数 patients，阴性 patiente)

  1. 患者，接受治疗的人或动物
  2. (过时) 死囚

延伸阅读

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中古英语

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patient

  1. pacient的另一种写法

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patient

  1. pacient的另一种写法

古法语

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借自拉丁语 patiens, patientem。

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patient m (间接格复数 patienz 或 patientz，主格单数 patienz 或 patientz，主格复数 patient)

  1. (医学) 患者，接受治疗的人或动物

派生语汇

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  • 中古法语: patient
  • 诺曼语: pâcient

瑞典语

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patient c

  1. 患者，接受治疗的人或动物
    近义词：klient、sjukling

变格

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patient 的变格形式
主格 属格
单数 不定 patient patients
定指 patienten patientens
复数 不定 patienter patienters
定指 patienterna patienternas

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异序词

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检索自“https://zh.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=patient&oldid=8118282”