scribo

拉丁语

词源

源自原始意大利语 *skreiβō，源自原始印欧语 *(s)kreybʰ-。与古希腊语 σκάριφος (skáriphos)等同源。

发音

• (古典拉丁语) 国际音标^(帮助): /ˈskriː.boː/, [ˈs̠kriːboː]
• (教会拉丁语) 国际音标^(帮助): /ˈskri.bo/, [ˈskriːbo]

• 音频 (古典)：

  (档案)

动词

scrībō (现在时不定式 scrībere，完成时主动式 scrīpsī，目的动名词 scrīptum)；第三类变位

1. 写

变位

scrībō (第三类变位)的变位
直陈式		单数			复数
		第一人称	第二人称	第三人称	第一人称	第二人称	第三人称
主动	现在时	scrībō	scrībis	scrībit	scrībimus	scrībitis	scrībunt
	未完成过去时	scrībēbam	scrībēbās	scrībēbat	scrībēbāmus	scrībēbātis	scrībēbant
	将来时	scrībam	scrībēs	scrībet	scrībēmus	scrībētis	scrībent
	完成时	scrīpsī	scrīpsistī	scrīpsit	scrīpsimus	scrīpsistis	scrīpsērunt, scrīpsēre
	过去完成时	scrīpseram	scrīpserās	scrīpserat	scrīpserāmus	scrīpserātis	scrīpserant
	将来完成时	scrīpserō	scrīpseris	scrīpserit	scrīpserimus	scrīpseritis	scrīpserint
被动	现在时	scrībor	scrīberis, scrībere	scrībitur	scrībimur	scrībiminī	scrībuntur
	未完成过去时	scrībēbar	scrībēbāris, scrībēbāre	scrībēbātur	scrībēbāmur	scrībēbāminī	scrībēbantur
	将来时	scrībar	scrībēris, scrībēre	scrībētur	scrībēmur	scrībēminī	scrībentur
	完成时	scrīptus + 现在主动直陈形 of sum
	过去完成时	scrīptus + 未完成主动直陈形 of sum
	将来完成时	scrīptus + 将来主动直陈形 of sum
虚拟式		单数			复数
		第一人称	第二人称	第三人称	第一人称	第二人称	第三人称
主动	现在时	scrībam	scrībās	scrībat	scrībāmus	scrībātis	scrībant
	未完成过去时	scrīberem	scrīberēs	scrīberet	scrīberēmus	scrīberētis	scrīberent
	完成时	scrīpserim	scrīpserīs	scrīpserit	scrīpserīmus	scrīpserītis	scrīpserint
	过去完成时	scrīpsissem	scrīpsissēs	scrīpsisset	scrīpsissēmus	scrīpsissētis	scrīpsissent
被动	现在时	scrībar	scrībāris, scrībāre	scrībātur	scrībāmur	scrībāminī	scrībantur
	未完成过去时	scrīberer	scrīberēris, scrīberēre	scrīberētur	scrīberēmur	scrīberēminī	scrīberentur
	完成时	scrīptus + 现在主动虚拟形 of sum
	过去完成时	scrīptus + 未完成主动虚拟形 of sum
命令式		单数			复数
		第一人称	第二人称	第三人称	第一人称	第二人称	第三人称
主动	现在时	—	scrībe	—	—	scrībite	—
	将来时	—	scrībitō	scrībitō	—	scrībitōte	scrībuntō
被动	现在时	—	scrībere	—	—	scrībiminī	—
	将来时	—	scrībitor	scrībitor	—	—	scrībuntor
非定形		主动			被动
		现在时	完成时	将来时	现在时	完成时	将来时
不定式		scrībere	scrīpsisse	scrīptūrum esse	scrībī	scrīptum esse	scrīptum īrī
分词		scrībēns	—	scrīptūrus	—	scrīptus	scrībendus, scrībundus
动词性名词		动名词				目的分词
		属格	与格	宾格	夺格	宾格	夺格
		scrībendī	scrībendō	scrībendum	scrībendō	scrīptum	scrīptū

派生词

• āscrībō
• circumscrībō
• cōnscrībō
• contrāscrībō
• dēscrībō
• dīscrībō
• exscrībō
• īnscrībō
• interscrībō
• perscrībō
• postscrībō
• praescrībō
• prōscrībō
• rescrībō
• scrīptus
• subscrībō
• superscrībō
• trānscrībō

 

相关词汇

• scrība
• scrībātus
• scrīnium
• scrīptilis
• scrīptiō
• scrīptiōnālis
• scrīptitō
• scrīptiuncula
• scrīptor
• scrīptōrium
• scrīptōrius
• scrīptula
• scrīptum
• scrīptūra
• scrīptūriō
• scrīptus

 

派生语汇

• 东罗曼:
  • 阿罗马尼亚语: scriu；scriu, scriiri
  • 罗马尼亚语: scrie, scriere
• 科西嘉语: scriva
• 伊斯特拉语: screîvi
• 意大利语: scrivere
• 纳瓦拉-阿拉贡语:
  • 阿拉贡语: escribir
• 古法语: escrivre
• 古莱昂语:
  • 阿斯图里亚斯语: escribir
  • 埃斯特雷马杜拉语: escrevil
  • 莱昂语: escribire
  • 米兰德斯语: screbir
• 古奥克语: escriure
  • 加泰罗尼亚语: escriure
  • 奥克语: escriure
• 古葡萄牙语: escrever
• 中世纪西班牙语: escrivir
  • 拉蒂诺语: eskrivir
  • 西班牙语: escribir
• Rhaeto-Romance:
  • 弗留利语: scrivi
  • 拉登语: scriver
  • 罗曼什语: scriver, screiver
• 撒丁语: iscri, iscribere, iscriere, iscriri, iscrivere, scriri
• 西西里语: scrìviri
• 威尼斯语: scrivar
• → 原始凯尔特语:
  • 原始布立吞语:
    • 布列塔尼语: skrivañ
    • 康沃尔语: skrifa
    • 威尔士语: ysgrifennu
  • 古爱尔兰语: scríbaid
    • 爱尔兰语: scríobh
    • 曼岛语: screeu
    • 苏格兰盖尔语: sgrìobh
• → 原始日耳曼语: *skrībaną

参考资料

• scribo in Charlton T. Lewis & Charles Short, A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1879
• “scribo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891年) An Elementary Latin Dictionary，New York：Harper & Brothers
• scribo在Gaffiot, Félix (1934年) Dictionnaire illustré Latin-Français (拉丁语-法语详解词典)，Hachette中的内容
• Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894年) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1]，London：Macmillan and Co.
  • to write a history: historiam (-as) scribere
    
  • to write poetry: versus facere, scribere
    
  • to write correctly, in faultless style: emendate scribere
    
  • to write good Latin: latine scribere (Opt. Gen. Or. 2. 4)
    
  • to take to writing, become an author: scribere
    
  • to write a book: librum scribere, conscribere
    
  • to write a letter to some one: epistulam (litteras) dare, scribere, mittere ad aliquem
    
  • to separate, be divorced (used of man or woman): repudium dicere or scribere alicui
    
  • to appoint some one as heir in one's will: aliquem heredem testamento scribere, facere
    
  • to make laws (of a legislator): leges scribere, facere, condere, constituere (not dare)
    
  • a legislator: qui leges scribit (not legum lator)
    
  • to levy troops: milites (exercitum) scribere, conscribere
    
  • to levy recruits to fill up the strength: supplementum cogere, scribere, legere
    
  • （模糊）we read in history: apud rerum scriptores scriptum videmus, scriptum est
    
  • （模糊）I have nothing to write about: non habeo, non est quod scribam
    
  • （模糊）to hold by the letter (of the law): verba ac litteras or scriptum (legis) sequi (opp. sententia the spirit)
    
  • （模糊）we read in Plato: apud Platonem scriptum videmus, scriptum est or simply est
    
  • （模糊）in Plato's 'Phaedo' we read: in Platonis Phaedone scriptum est
    
  • （模糊）full of orthographical errors: mendose scriptum
    
  • （模糊）the law says..: in lege scriptum est, or simply est
    
• Sihler, Andrew L. (1995年) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin，Oxford, New York：Oxford University Press，ISBN 0195083458