die
英语
编辑其他形式
编辑- dye (弃用)
发音
编辑词源 1
编辑源自中古英语 deyen,源自古英语 dīeġan和古诺尔斯语 deyja,两者均源自原始日耳曼语 *dawjaną (“死”)。取代了古英语 sweltan,其派生出现代英语 swelt。
动词
编辑die (第三人称单数简单现在时 dies,现在分词 dying,一般过去时及过去分词 died)
- (不及物) 死
- 后接of,一般用法,表示死因:
- He died of malaria.
- 他死于疟疾。
- Template:RQ:Dickens Oliver Twist
- 2000, Stephen King, On Writing, Pocket Books, 出版于 2002,第 85 页:
- In 1971 or 72, Mom's sister Carolyn Weimer died of breast cancer.
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
- 后接from,一般用法,表示死因,但更常用于医学语境或科学语境:
- He died from heart failure.
- 他死于心力衰竭。
- 1865年3月4日, British Medical Journal,第 213 页:
- She lived several weeks; but afterwards she died from epilepsy, to which malady she had been previously subject.
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
- 2007, Frank Herbert, Kevin J. Anderson, Sandworms of Dune, Tor, 出版于 2007,第 191 页:
- "Or all of them will die from the plague. Even if most of the candidates succumb […] "
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
- 后接for,常表示因上下文中的动机而死,但有时还表示间接原因:
- He died for the one he loved.
- 他为了他爱的人死了。
- 1961, Joseph Heller, Catch-22, Simon & Schuster, 出版于 1999,第 232 页:
- Englishmen are dying for England, Americans are dying for America, Germans are dying for Germany, Russians are dying for Russia. There are now fifty or sixty countries fighting in this war.
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
- 2003, Prison Nation, Routledge,第 187 页:
- Less than three days later, Johnson lapsed into a coma in his jail cell and died for lack of insulin.
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
- (现罕用) 后接with,表示间接死因:
- Template:RQ:Shakespeare Much Ado About Nothing
- 1830, Joseph Smith, The Book of Mormon, Richards, 出版于 1854,第 337 页:
- And there were some who died with fevers, which at some seasons of the year was very frequent in the land.
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
- (不常见,电子游戏外非标准) 后接to表示间接或直接死因(类似from):
- I can't believe I just died to a turret!
- 我居然被炮台打死了。
- 2014, S. J. Groves, The Darker Side to Dr Carter,第 437 页:
- Dr Thomas concluded she had died to a blow to the head, which led to a bleed on the brain, probably a fall and had hit her head hard on the wooden bedpost, as there was blood on the bedpost.
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
- (仍通用) 后接with表示死亡的性质:
- She died with dignity.
- 她死得有尊严。
- 后接of,一般用法,表示死因:
- (及物) 以...死亡(某种方式)
- He died a hero's death.
- 他英勇牺牲。
- They died a thousand deaths.
- 他们死了一千人。
- 2019, Lou Marinoff, On Human Conflict: The Philosophical Foundations of War and Peace, Rowman & Littlefield, →ISBN,第 452 页:
- […] he chose instead to suffer even greater personal pain, with unimaginable fortitude and resolve, albeit for a shorter time. Thus he died a small death, in order to benefit the living. Similarly, a small and voluntary death was died by Socrates.
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
- (电子游戏,俚语) 输
- Whenever my brother dies, he ragequits.
- 我哥一死,他就气得退游戏。
- (不及物,比喻义) 渴求
- I'm dying for a packet of crisps.
- 我好想吃薯片。
- I'm dying for a piss.
- 我好想尿尿。
- Template:RQ:Shakespeare Much Ado About Nothing
- 2004, Paul Joseph Draus, Consumed in the city: observing tuberculosis at century's end,第 168 页:
- I could see that he was dying, dying for a cigarette, dying for a fix maybe, dying for a little bit of freedom, but trapped in a hospital bed and a sick body.
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
- (不及物,不常见,俗语) 被当做死了,被无视,被绝交
- The day our sister eloped, she died to our mother.
- 我姐姐私奔以后,就被我们的妈妈当做死了。
- 2015, Emily Duvall, Inclusions,第 150 页:
- "My dad […] beat us until we couldn't sit down." […] "What about your mother?" […] "She's alive. […] My aunt visits her once a year, but I don't ask about my mother. She died to me the day she chose my father over protecting us." Luke's voice hitched with emotion.
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
- 2017, Mike Hoornstra, Descent into the Maelstrom,第 366 页:
- "You haven't been my son since you were ten years old. That boy died to me the day he ran away. I don't know you. You are merely a shell that resembles someone I used to know, but you are dead to me. You are the bringer of pain and death. Leave me be. Leave me with my son, Jyosh." "Mother..." Barlun pleaded.
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
- (不及物,比喻义) 死,失去希望,失去梦想
- He died a little inside each time she refused to speak to him.
- 每次她拒绝和他说话,他的心就凉半截。
- 2011, Ingrid Michaelson (作曲作词), “Ghost”, 出自 Human Again[2]:
- Do you know that I went down / To the ground / Landed on both my broken-hearted knees... / […] I didn't even cry / 'Cause pieces of me had already died
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
- (不及物,口语,夸张) 吓死
- If anyone sees me wearing this ridiculous outfit, I'll die.
- 如果有人看到我穿这身奇装异服,我直接人没了。
- (不及物,比喻义,夸张) (因过度的感情而)死
- When I found out my two favorite musicians would be recording an album together, I literally planned my own funeral arrangements and died.
- 当时我看到我最喜欢的两个歌手合作录新专,我直接死了。
- (字面意思是“...,我给自己安排了葬礼,然后死了。”)
- 1976, an anchorman on Channel Five in California, quoted in Journal and Newsletter [of the] California Classical Association, Northern Section:
- I literally died when I saw that.
- (不及物,指机器) 坏掉,出故障,抛锚;(特指) 没电
- My car died in the middle of the freeway this morning.
- 今早我的车在高速路上抛锚了。
- Sorry I couldn't call you. My phone died.
- 抱歉没给你打电话,我手机没电了。
- My battery died and my charger was at home.
- 我电池没电了,充电器放家里了。
- (不及物,指计算机程序) 出错终止
- (不及物,指法案,决议等) 流产 (在一次立法会没能达到投票阶段就被丢弃)
- The proposed gas tax died after the powerful rural senator refused to let it out of committee.
- 提出的燃油税因为权利很大的乡村参议员的阻止而流产了。
- 消亡,灭亡,灭绝
- 消逝,消亡
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], →OCLC, 1 Samuel 25:37:
- But it came to passe in the morning, when the wine was gone out of Nabal, and his wife had told him these things, that his heart died within him, and he became as a stone.
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
- 1965, Darby Slick, “Somebody to Love”, 出自 Surrealistic Pillow[3], 演出者 Jefferson Airplane, 出版于 1967:
- When the truth is found to be lies / And all the joy within you dies / Don't you want somebody to love? / Don't you need somebody to love?
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
- (常带to) 不再关心,对...漠不关心
- to die to pleasure or to sin
- 不再感受到快乐,或,不再关心罪孽
- (建筑学) 逐渐被遮住 (比如线脚被斜面所遮住)
- (酒等)变寡淡
- (指单口相声演员或玩笑) 未能引观众发笑,冷场
- Then there was that time I died onstage in Montreal...
- 我在蒙特利尔台上冷场那次,...
用法说明
编辑变位
编辑近义词
编辑- (死): bite the dust, bite the big one, buy the farm、check out、code、cross over、cross the river、decompose、dematerialize、expire、succumb、give up the ghost、pass、pass away、pass on、be no more、meet one's maker, be a stiff, push up the daisies, hop off the twig, kick the bucket, shuffle off this mortal coil, join the choir invisible
- 参见Thesaurus:die
衍生词汇
编辑- be dying for
- cross my heart and hope to die
- die a death
- die and go to heaven
- die a thousand deaths
- die-away
- die away
- die back
- die down
- die hard, die-hard, diehard
- die how one lived
- die-in
- die in a fire
- die in harness
- die in office
- die in one's shoes
- die in the arse
- die in the ass
- die in the last ditch
- die just how one lived
- die just like one lived
- die just the way one lived
- die laughing
- die like flies
- die like one lived
- die-off
- die off
- die on one's arse
- die on the vine
- die out
- die roaring
- die roaring for a priest
- die the way one lived
- do or die
- do-or-die
- hide-and-die syndrome
- hill to die on
- I'm dying
- I would rather die
- laugh die me
- life's a bitch and then you die
- live and die by
- never-say-die
- never say die
- no zuo no die
- old habits die hard
- only the good die young
- ride or die
- ride-or-die
- right to die
- see Naples and die
- straight as a die
- the good die young
- today is a good day to die
- to die for
- wake up and die right
- what did your last slave die of
相关词汇
编辑派生语汇
编辑- → 越南语: đai
词源 2
编辑源自中古英语 dee,源自古法语 de(现代法语 dé),源自拉丁语 datum,源自datus (“被给予的”),dō (“给予”)的过去分词,源自原始印欧语 *deh₃- (“展,铺”)。datum 的同源对似词。
名词
编辑die (复数 dies)
- 底座
- 模具
- (半导体,复数亦dice) 长方形晶片
- 2009, Paul R. Gray, Analysis and Design of Analog Integrated Circuits, 5th版, John Wiley & Sons, →ISBN,第 159 页:
- Once the wafer has undergone the wafer-probe test, it is separated into individual dice by sawing or scribing and breaking. The dice are visually inspected, sorted, and readied for assembly into packages.
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
- 小立方体
- 1741, I[saac] Watts, The Improvement of the Mind: Or, A Supplement to the Art of Logick: […], London: […] James Brackstone, […], →OCLC:
- Some young creatures have learnt their letters and syllables, and the pronouncing and spelling of words, by having them pasted or written upon many little flat tablets or dies.
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
名词
编辑- 骰子,色子
- Most dice are six-sided.
- 多数骰子是六面的。
- I rolled the die and moved 2 spaces on the board.
- 我投了骰子,然后在板子上走了两步。
- Template:RQ:Hume Human Understanding
- 2000, Richard Shoup, 编者Barry Lenson, Take Control Of Your Life: How to Control Fate, Luck, Chaos, Karma, and Life’s Other Unruly Forces, McGraw-Hill, →ISBN,第 42 页:
- When you roll two dies—or three, or four—the odds of obtaining a specific number becomes complex in a logarithmic progression.
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
- 2012, Rinaldo B. Schinazi, “Probability Space”, 出自 Probability with Statistical Applications, 2nd版, Birkhäuser, →ISBN, “Independent Events”, “Exercises”,第 16 页:
- We roll two dies repeatedly until we get the first double.
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
- 2014, Ionut Florescu, Ciprian A. Tudor, Handbook of Probability, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., →ISBN:
- Roll two dies 24 times. What is the probability of rolling at least one double 6?
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
- 2017年12月8日, “Adorable Kitten”, 出自 Unstable, Wizards of the Coast:
- When this creature enters the battlefield, roll a six-sided die. You gain life equal to the result.
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
- (弃用) (可能由骰子决定的)偶然,随机事件
- 1590, 埃德蒙·斯宾塞, “Book II, Canto V”, 出自 仙后(The Faerie Qveene . […]), London: […] [John Wolfe] for William Ponsonbie, →OCLC, stanza 13,第 249 页:
- […] For th'equall die of warre he well did know.
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
近义词
编辑衍生词汇
编辑词源 3
编辑拼写变体。
名词
编辑die (复数 dies)
- dye的已弃用拼写
- 1749, Henry Fielding, Tom Jones:
- He hath carried his friendship to this man to a blameable length, by too long concealing facts of the blackest die.
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
动词
编辑die (第三人称单数简单现在时 dies,现在分词 dying,一般过去时及过去分词 died)
- dye的已弃用拼写
- 1739, John Cay, An abridgment of the publick statutes in force and use from Magna Charta, in the ninth year of King Henry III, to the eleventh year of his present Majesty King George II, inclusive, Drapery, XXVII. Sect. 16:
- Also no dyer shall die any cloth, except he die the cloth and the list with one colour, without tacking any bulrushes or such like thing upon the lists, upon pain to forfeit 40 s. for every cloth. And no person shall put to sale any cloth deceitfully dyed,
- 1813, James Haigh, The Dier's Assistant in the Art of Dying Wool and Woollen Goods:
- To die wool with madder, prepare a fresh liquor, and when the water is come to a heat to bear the hand, put in half a pound of the finest grape madder for each pound of wool;
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
- 1827, John Shepard, The artist & tradesman's guide: embracing some leading facts:
- To die Wool and Woollen Cloths of a Blue Colour. One part of indigo, in four parts concentrated sulphuric acid, dissolved; then add one part of dry carbonate of potash, [...]
- (请为本引文添加中文翻译)
- 1739, John Cay, An abridgment of the publick statutes in force and use from Magna Charta, in the ninth year of King Henry III, to the eleventh year of his present Majesty King George II, inclusive, Drapery, XXVII. Sect. 16:
参见
编辑异序词
编辑南非语
编辑其他形式
编辑- di (弃用)
词源
编辑源自荷兰语 die,其在荷兰语中仅作指示代词。用冠词de代替语气更重的die亦常出现于苏里南荷兰语和非母语荷兰语使用者。
发音
编辑冠词
编辑die (定冠词)
- 定冠词。
- die man ― 男人
- die vrou ― 女人
- die kind ― 小孩
代词
编辑die
- 这个,这些;那个,那些
- Die dokter het gesê dat jy siek is. Die is die rede hoekom jy in die bed moet bly.
- 医生说你病了,所以你必须躺床上。
用法说明
编辑- 指示代词常作dié,来与定冠词用法区分开。
阿尔巴尼亚语
编辑副词
编辑die
- dje (“昨天”)的另一种写法
巴伐利亚语
编辑代词
编辑die (与格)
- (Niederbayerisch) 给你
丹麦语
编辑词源
编辑源自古丹麦语 di,源自古诺尔斯语 *día,源自原始日耳曼语 *dijōną,源自原始印欧语 *dʰeh₁(y)- (“吸”)。
同源词有拉丁语 fellō、梵语 धयति (dhayati, “吸”)。对比使役动词dægge、哥特语 𐌳𐌰𐌳𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (daddjan, “给...哺乳”)。
名词派生自动词。
发音
编辑名词
编辑die c
用法说明
编辑仅用于固定短语“give die”
动词
编辑die (命令式 di,不定式 at die,现在时 dier,过去时 diede,完成时 har diet)
参考资料
编辑荷兰语
编辑词源
编辑源自中古荷兰语 die,为古荷兰语 thie、thē、thia、thiu和指示代词相似词形的合并。如古高地德语 ther、der,其取代了源自原始日耳曼语 *sa的原阳性和阴性词。
发音
编辑限定词
编辑die
- 那个 (指代更远处的人或物)
- die boom
- 那棵树
- die vrouw
- 那个女人
- 那些 (指代更远处的人或物)
- die vensters
- 那些窗户
- (苏里南,口语) 某个,一个 (指代说话人不可见或不知道的人或物)
- Die vrouw vraagt als iemand aardvruchten wil kopen.
- 一个女人在问有没有人要买根茎蔬菜。
- Ik heb die wagen geslagen.
- 我撞了一辆车。
变格
编辑单数阳性 | 单数阴性 | 单数中性 | 复数 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
主格 | die | die | dat | die |
属格 | diens van dien |
dier van die |
(diens) van dat |
dier van die |
与格 | dien aan dien |
dier aan die |
(dien) aan dat |
dien aan die |
宾格 | dien | die | dat | die |
Template:Nl-decl-demonstrative determiner
派生语汇
编辑代词
编辑die m 或 f 或 复
- (关系代词) 用于进一步提供某事物的信息
- Ik ken geen mensen die dat kunnen.
- 我不知道谁能干这个事。
- Oh, maar ik ken iemand die dat wel kan!
- 啊,但是我知道!
用法说明
编辑后接的逗号可能会改变以关系代词起头的从句。对比下列句子:
- Alle arbeiders die staken zullen op sancties moeten rekenen.
- 罢工的所有工人均将受到惩罚
- Alle arbeiders, die staken, zullen op sancties moeten rekenen.
- 所有罢工的工人均将受到惩罚
第一个句子中,意为只有罢工的工人会受到惩罚。而第二个句子中,逗号暗示所有工人均在罢工,而他们均将受到惩罚。
德语
编辑发音
编辑冠词
编辑die (定冠词)
变格
编辑德语定冠词 | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
阳性 | 阴性 | 中性 | 复数 | |
主格 | der | die | das | die |
属格 | des | der | des | der |
与格 | dem | der | dem | den |
宾格 | den | die | das | die |
代词
编辑die (关系或指示代词)
- der 的屈折变化形式:
用法说明
编辑在从句中,die表示主句中所指的人或物。使用于复数或阴性单数的先行词。
变格
编辑Template:De-decl-relative pronoun
异序词
编辑汉斯立克语
编辑其他形式
编辑- ti (Wiesemann spelling system)
发音
编辑冠词
编辑die (定冠词)
变格
编辑Template:Hrx-decl-definite articles
延伸阅读
编辑因特语
编辑名词
编辑die (复数 dies)
- 一天
衍生词汇
编辑- De die in die (“一天天”)
- Un die (“某天,总有一天”)
- Le die sequente (“第二天”)
意大利语
编辑词源
编辑源自拉丁语 diēs,逆构自宾格diem(曾用常元音),源自原始意大利语 *djēm,源自原始印欧语 *dyew- (“天;照”)。
发音
编辑名词
编辑die m (无屈折)
异序词
编辑日语
编辑词源
编辑发音
编辑前缀
编辑拉丁语
编辑发音
编辑名词
编辑diē m 或 f
官话
编辑罗马化
编辑die
用法说明
编辑中古荷兰语
编辑词源 1
编辑源自古荷兰语 thie、thia,源自原始日耳曼语 *sa。
发音
编辑冠词
编辑die
变格
编辑- 其他主格形式:de
派生语汇
编辑限定词
编辑die
变格
编辑派生语汇
编辑延伸阅读
编辑- “die (II)”,Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek[早期中古荷兰语词典],2000年
- Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929年),“die (I)”,Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek,The Hague:Martinus Nijhoff,ISBN 2859100695,第 I 页
词源 2
编辑名词
编辑dië f 或 n
派生语汇
编辑延伸阅读
编辑- “die (I)”,Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek[早期中古荷兰语词典],2000年
- Verwijs, E.; Verdam, J. (1885–1929年),“die (IV)”,Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek,The Hague:Martinus Nijhoff,ISBN 2859100695,第 IV 页
米兰达语
编辑词源
编辑名词
编辑die m (复数 dies)
反义词
编辑书面挪威语
编辑词源
编辑可能源自丹麦语 die,源自古丹麦语 di,源自日耳曼语族 *dijana-, *dejana-
动词
编辑die (命令式 di,现在时 dier,被动式 dies,简单过去式和过去分词 dia,或 diet,现在分词 diende)
参考资料
编辑新挪威语
编辑词源
编辑可能源自丹麦语 die,源自古丹麦语 di,源自日耳曼语族 *dijana-, *dejana-
动词
编辑die (现在时 diar,过去式 dia,过去分词 dia,被动不定式 diast,现在分词 diande,命令式 di)
其他形式
编辑参考资料
编辑- “die”在 新挪威语词典中的解释。
宾夕法尼亚德语
编辑词源
编辑源自中古高地德语和古高地德语 diu,源自原始日耳曼语 *sa。对比德语 die。
冠词
编辑die f (定冠词)
变格
编辑阳性 | 阴性 | 中性 | 复数 | |
---|---|---|---|---|
主格 | der | die | es | die |
宾格 | der | die | es | die |
与格 | dem | der | em | de |
罗马尼亚语
编辑叹词
编辑die
- di的另一种写法
萨特弗里斯兰语
编辑发音
编辑词源 1
编辑源自古弗里斯兰语 thī,源自原始西日耳曼语 *þa,源自原始日耳曼语 *sa。同源词包括西弗里斯兰语 de和德语 der。
冠词
编辑die (非重音 de,斜格 dän,阴性 ju,中性 dät,复数 do)
词源 2
编辑源自古弗里斯兰语 thī,源自原始西日耳曼语 *þiʀ,源自原始日耳曼语 *þiz。同源词包括西弗里斯兰语 dy和德语 dir。
代词
编辑die
- 你自己
参见
编辑Template:Stq-reflexive pronouns
代词
编辑die
参见
编辑参考资料
编辑- Marron C. Fort (2015年),“die”,Saterfriesisches Wörterbuch mit einer phonologischen und grammatischen Übersicht,Buske,ISBN 978-3-87548-723-7
泰努语
编辑词源
编辑源自原始大洋洲语 *suʀi (“鱼骨,刺”),源自原始中-东部马来-波利尼西亚语 *zuʀi,源自原始马来-波利尼西亚语 *duʀi,源自原始南岛语 *duʀi (“刺”)。
发音
编辑名词
编辑die
参考资料
编辑- Template:R:tkw:lex – 词条 die.
- Template:R:tkw:lex2 – 词条 die.
- Lackey, W.J.. & Boerger, B.H. (2021), “Reexamining the Phonological History of Oceanic's Temotu subgroup”,Oceanic Linguistics。
约拉语
编辑其他形式
编辑词源
编辑源自中古英语 day,源自古英语 dæġ,源自原始西日耳曼语 *dag。
名词
编辑衍生词汇
编辑参考资料
编辑- Jacob Poole (1867年),William Barnes, 编, A glossary, with some pieces of verse, of the old dialect of the English colony in the baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland,J. Russell Smith,ISBN 978-1436729291,第 35 页