附錄:斯氏核心词/荷兰语
荷兰语,属印欧语系·日耳曼语族·西日耳曼语支。关于斯氏核心词(Swadesh list),请见Wiktionary:斯氏核心词。
列表
编辑此处标出的发音,为标准荷兰语(Algemeen Beschaafd Nederlands)的发音,其他方言可能会有差异。
参考
编辑- Les langages de l'humanité (Michel Malherbe), Robert Laffont, Paris 1995 - ISBN 2-221-05947-6
荷兰语,属印欧语系·日耳曼语族·西日耳曼语支。关于斯氏核心词(Swadesh list),请见Wiktionary:斯氏核心词。
此处标出的发音,为标准荷兰语(Algemeen Beschaafd Nederlands)的发音,其他方言可能会有差异。
号 | 中文 | 英语 | 荷兰语 Nederlands |
国际音标 |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 我 | I | ik | [ɪk]
|
2 | 你 | you (singular) | jij (俗), u (正式) | [jɛi] , [yː]
|
3 | 他 | he | hij | [hɛi]
|
4 | 我们 | we | wij, we | [ʋɛi] , [ʋə]
|
5 | 你们 | you (plural) | jullie | [jʏli]
|
6 | 他们 | they | zij, ze | [zɛiː] , [zə]
|
7 | 这 | this | deze, dit | [deːzə] , [dɪt]
|
8 | 那 | that | die, dat | [di] , [dɑt]
|
9 | 这里 | here | hier | [hiːr]
|
10 | 那里 | there | daar | [daːr]
|
11 | 谁 | who | wie | [ʋi]
|
12 | 什么 | what | wat | [ʋɑt]
|
13 | 哪里 | where | waar | [ʋaːr]
|
14 | 何时 | when | wanneer | [ʋɑneːr]
|
15 | 如何 | how | hoe | [hu]
|
16 | 不 | not | niet | [nit]
|
17 | 所有 | all | alle | [ɑl] , [ˈɑlə]
|
18 | 多 | many | veel, menig | [veːl] , [meːnəx]
|
19 | 一些 | some | enkele, sommige | [ˈɛŋkələ] , [ˈsɔməɣə]
|
20 | 少 | few | weinig | [ˈʋɛinəχ]
|
21 | 其他 | other | ander | [ˈandər]
|
22 | 一 | one | een | [eːn]
|
23 | 二 | two | twee | [tʋeː]
|
24 | 三 | three | drie | [dri]
|
25 | 四 | four | vier | [viːr]
|
26 | 五 | five | vijf | [vɛif]
|
27 | 大 | big | groot | [ɣroːt]
|
28 | 长 | long | lang | [lɑŋ]
|
29 | 宽 | wide | breed, wijd | [breːt] , [ʋɛit]
|
30 | 厚 | thick | dik | [dɪk]
|
31 | 重 | heavy | zwaar, hevig | [zʋaːr] , [heːvəx]
|
32 | 小 | small | klein | [klɛin]
|
33 | 短 | short | kort | [kɔrt]
|
34 | 窄 | narrow | smal | [smɑl]
|
35 | 薄 | thin | dun | [dʏn]
|
36 | 女 | woman | vrouw | [vrɔu]
|
37 | 男 | man (male) | man | [mɑn]
|
38 | 人 | man (human) | mens | [mɛns]
|
39 | 孩 | child | kind | [kɪnt]
|
40 | 妻 | wife | vrouw, echtgenote | [vrɔu] , [ˈɛxtxənoːtə]
|
41 | 夫 | husband | man, echtgenoot | [mɑn] , [ˈɛxtxənoːt]
|
42 | 母 | mother | moeder | [ˈmudər]
|
43 | 父 | father | vader | [ˈvaːdər]
|
44 | 动物 | animal | dier | [diːr]
|
45 | 鱼 | fish | vis | [vɪs]
|
46 | 鸟 | bird | vogel | [ˈvoːɣəl]
|
47 | 狗 | dog | hond | [hont]
|
48 | 虱 | louse | luis | [lɶys]
|
49 | 蛇 | snake | slang | [slɑŋ]
|
50 | 虫 | worm | worm | [ʋɔrm]
|
51 | 树 | tree | boom | [boːm]
|
52 | 林 | forest | woud | [ʋɔut]
|
53 | 棍 | stick | stok | [stɔk]
|
54 | 果 | fruit | fruit, vrucht | [frɶyt] , [vrʏxt]
|
55 | 种 | seed | zaad | [zaːt]
|
56 | 叶 | leaf | blad | [blɑt]
|
57 | 根 | root | wortel | [ˈʋɔrtəl]
|
58 | 树皮 | bark (of a tree) | schors | [sxɔrs]
|
59 | 花 | flower | bloem | [blum]
|
60 | 草 | grass | gras | [ɣrɑs]
|
61 | 绳 | rope | touw, koord | [tɔuw] , [koːrt]
|
62 | 肤 | skin | huid | [hɶyt]
|
63 | 肉 | meat | vlees | [vleːs]
|
64 | 血 | blood | bloed | [blut]
|
65 | 骨 | bone | been | [beːn]
|
66 | 脂 | fat (noun) | vet | [vɛt]
|
67 | 蛋 | egg | ei | [ɛi]
|
68 | 角 | horn | hoorn | [hoːrn]
|
69 | 尾 | tail | staart | [staːrt]
|
70 | 羽 | feather | veer | [veːr]
|
71 | 发 | hair | haar | [haːr]
|
72 | 头 | head | hoofd, kop | [hoːft] , [kɔp]
|
73 | 耳 | ear | oor | [oːr]
|
74 | 眼 | eye | oog | [oːx]
|
75 | 鼻 | nose | neus | [nøːz]
|
76 | 口 | mouth | mond | [mɔnt]
|
77 | 牙 | tooth | tand | [tɑnt]
|
78 | 舌 | tongue | tong | [tɔŋ]
|
79 | 指甲 | fingernail | vingernagel | [ˈvɪŋərnaːɣəl]
|
80 | 脚 | foot | voet | [vut]
|
81 | 腿 | leg | been | [beːn]
|
82 | 膝 | knee | knie | [kni]
|
83 | 手 | hand | hand | [hɑnt]
|
84 | 翅 | wing | vleugel | [ˈvløːɣəl]
|
85 | 腹 | belly | buik | [bɶyk]
|
86 | 肠 | guts | darmen | [ˈdɑrmə]
|
87 | 颈 | neck | nek | [nɛk]
|
88 | 背 | back | rug | [rʏx]
|
89 | 乳 | breast | borst | [bɔrst]
|
90 | 心 | heart | hart | [hɑrt]
|
91 | 肝 | liver | lever | [ˈleːvər]
|
92 | 喝 | to drink | drinken | [ˈdrɪŋkə]
|
93 | 吃 | to eat | eten | [ˈeːtə]
|
94 | 咬 | to bite | bijten | [ˈbɛitə]
|
95 | 吸 | to suck | zuigen | [ˈzɶyɣə]
|
96 | 吐 | to spit | spuwen | [ˈspywə]
|
97 | 呕 | to vomit | braken, overgeven | [braːkə] , [oːvərɣeːvə]
|
98 | 吹 | to blow | blazen | [ˈblaːzə]
|
99 | 呼吸 | to breathe | ademen | [ˈaːdəmə]
|
100 | 笑 | to laugh | lachen | [ˈlɑxə]
|
101 | 看 | to see | zien | [zin]
|
102 | 听 | to hear | horen | [ˈhoːrə]
|
103 | 知 | to know | weten | [ˈʋeːtə]
|
104 | 想 | to think | denken | [ˈdɛŋkə]
|
105 | 嗅 | to smell | ruiken | [ˈrɶykə]
|
106 | 怕 | to fear | vrezen | [ˈvreːzə]
|
107 | 睡 | to sleep | slapen | [ˈslaːpə]
|
108 | 活 | to live | leven | [ˈleːvə]
|
109 | 死 | to die | sterven | [ˈstɛrvə]
|
110 | 杀 | to kill | doden | [ˈdoːdə]
|
111 | 斗 | to fight | vechten | [ˈvɛxtə]
|
112 | 猎 | to hunt | jagen | [ˈjaːɡə]
|
113 | 击 | to hit | slaan, raken | [slaːn] , [ˈraːkə]
|
114 | 切 | to cut | knippen, snijden | [ˈknɪpə] , [ˈsnɛidə]
|
115 | 分 | to split | splijten | [ˈsplɛitə]
|
116 | 刺 | to stab | steken | [ˈsteːkə]
|
117 | 挠 | to scratch | krabben | [ˈkrɑbə]
|
118 | 挖 | to dig | graven | [ˈɣraːvə]
|
119 | 游 | to swim | zwemmen | [ˈzʋɛmə]
|
120 | 飞 | to fly | vliegen | [ˈvliɣə]
|
121 | 走 | to walk | lopen, stappen | [loːpə] , [ˈstɑpə]
|
122 | 来 | to come | komen | [ˈkoːmə]
|
123 | 躺 | to lie (as in a bed) | liggen | [ˈlɪɣə]
|
124 | 坐 | to sit | zitten | [ˈzɪtə]
|
125 | 站 | to stand | staan | [staːn]
|
126 | 转 | to turn (intransitive) | draaien | [ˈdraːjə]
|
127 | 落 | to fall | vallen | [ˈvɑlə]
|
128 | 给 | to give | geven | [ˈɣeːvə]
|
129 | 拿 | to hold | houden | [ˈhɔudə]
|
130 | 挤 | to squeeze | knijpen | [ˈknɛipə]
|
131 | 磨 | to rub | wrijven | [ˈʋrɛivə]
|
132 | 洗 | to wash | wassen | [ˈʋɑsə]
|
133 | 擦 | to wipe | vegen | [ˈveɣə]
|
134 | 拉 | to pull | trekken | [ˈtrɛkə]
|
135 | 推 | to push | duwen | [ˈdywə]
|
136 | 扔 | to throw | werpen, gooien | [ˈʋɛrpə] , [ˈɣoːjə]
|
137 | 系 | to tie | vastmaken, binden | [ˈvɑstmaːkə] , [bɪndə]
|
138 | 缝 | to sew | naaien | [ˈnaːjə]
|
139 | 计 | to count | tellen | [ˈtɛlə]
|
140 | 说 | to say | zeggen | [ˈzɛɣə]
|
141 | 唱 | to sing | zingen | [ˈzɪŋə]
|
142 | 玩 | to play | spelen | [ˈspeːlə]
|
143 | 浮 | to float | zweven | [ˈzʋeːvə]
|
144 | 流 | to flow | vloeien | [ˈvlujə]
|
145 | 冻 | to freeze | vriezen | [ˈvrizə]
|
146 | 肿 | to swell | zwellen | [ˈzʋɛlə]
|
147 | 日 | sun | zon | [zɔn]
|
148 | 月 | moon | maan | [maːn]
|
149 | 星 | star | ster | [stɛr]
|
150 | 水 | water | water | [ˈʋaːtər]
|
151 | 雨 | rain | regen | [ˈreːɣən]
|
152 | 河 | river | rivier | [riˈviːr]
|
153 | 湖 | lake | meer | [meːr]
|
154 | 海 | sea | zee | [zeː]
|
155 | 盐 | salt | zout | [zɔut]
|
156 | 石 | stone | steen | [steːn]
|
157 | 沙 | sand | zand | [zɑnt]
|
158 | 尘 | dust | stof | [stɔf]
|
159 | 地 | earth | aarde | [ˈaːrdə]
|
160 | 云 | cloud | wolk | [ˈʋɔlk]
|
161 | 雾 | fog | mist, nevel | [mɪst] , [ˈneːvəl]
|
162 | 天 | sky | lucht, hemel | [lʏxt] , [ˈheːməl]
|
163 | 风 | wind | wind | [ʋɪnt]
|
164 | 雪 | snow | sneeuw | [sneːw]
|
165 | 冰 | ice | ijs | [ɛis]
|
166 | 烟 | smoke | rook | [roːk]
|
167 | 火 | fire | vuur | [ˈvʏːr]
|
168 | 灰 | ash | as | [ɑs]
|
169 | 烧 | to burn | branden | [ˈbrɑndə]
|
170 | 路 | road | weg | [ʋɛx]
|
171 | 山 | mountain | berg | [bɛrx]
|
172 | 红 | red | rood | [roːt]
|
173 | 绿 | green | groen | [ɣrun]
|
174 | 黄 | yellow | geel | [ɣeːl]
|
175 | 白 | white | wit | [ʋɪt]
|
176 | 黑 | black | zwart | [zʋɑrt]
|
177 | 夜 | night | nacht | [nɑxt]
|
178 | 白天 | day | dag | [dɑx]
|
179 | 年 | year | jaar | [jaːr]
|
180 | 暖 | warm | warm | [ʋɑrm]
|
181 | 冷 | cold | koud | [kɔut]
|
182 | 满 | full | vol | [vɔl]
|
183 | 新 | new | nieuw | [niːw]
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184 | 旧 | old | oud | [ɔut]
|
185 | 好 | good | goed | [ɣut]
|
186 | 坏 | bad | slecht | [slɛxt]
|
187 | 腐 | rotten | rot | [rɔt]
|
188 | 脏 | dirty | vuil | [vɶyl]
|
189 | 直 | straight | recht | [rɛxt]
|
190 | 圆 | round | rond | [rɔnt]
|
191 | 尖 | sharp (as a knife) | scherp | [sxɛrp]
|
192 | 钝 | dull (as a knife) | stomp, bot | [stɔmp] , [bɔt]
|
193 | 滑 | smooth | glad | [ɣlat]
|
194 | 湿 | wet | nat | [nɑt]
|
195 | 干 | dry | droog | [droːx]
|
196 | 对 | correct | juist, correct | [jɶyst] , [kɔˈrɛkt]
|
197 | 近 | near | dichtbij | [dɪxtˈbɛi]
|
198 | 远 | far | ver | [vɛr]
|
199 | 右 | right | rechts | [rɛxts]
|
200 | 左 | left | links | [lɪŋks]
|
201 | 在 | at | aan, te, bij 等 | [aːn] , [tə] , [bɛi]
|
202 | 里 | in | in | [ɪn]
|
203 | 与 | with | met | [mɛt]
|
204 | 和 | and | en | [ɛn]
|
205 | 若 | if | als, indien | [ɑls] , [ɪndin]
|
206 | 因 | because | omdat | [ɔmdɑt]
|
207 | 名 | name | naam | [naːm]
|